The volatile nature of positive affect effects: opposite effects of positive affect and time on task on proactive control
The volatile nature of positive affect effects: opposite effects of positive affect and time on task on proactive control
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DOI：
10.1007/s00426-018-1086-4
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发表时间：
2020-04-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Dreisbach, Gesine
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hefer, Carmen;Dreisbach, Gesine
越来越多的证据表明，积极影响可以促进认知灵活性，但代价是注意力分散和主动控制能力下降。关于后一种影响，一些研究显示了不一致甚至不同的结果，使人怀疑这一观察结果的可靠性。最近的研究表明，动机可以抵消积极的情感效应。在这里，作者提供了另一个因素的证据，反对积极的影响，即时间和经验的任务。为此，使用了经过验证的AX-连续性能任务（AX-CPT）。三组参与者接受了三个模块的AX-CPT与积极的影响操纵（积极组）或中性的影响操纵（中性组）或交替的影响块（混合组：pos-neut-pos）。结果证实了积极的影响与积极和混合组相比，中性组的主动控制减少。最重要的是，所有群体都表现出增加主动控制的任务时间增加支持我们的预测，任务时间是另一个因素反对积极的影响。因此，结果揭示了敏感性的积极影响效果的战略影响，随着经验的增加与给定的任务。未来的研究轻度积极影响和认知控制的相互作用的影响进行了讨论。
There is growing evidence suggesting that positive affect promotes cognitive flexibility at the cost of increased distractibility and decreased proactive control. Regarding the latter effect, some studies revealed inconsistent or even diverging findings casting doubt on the reliability of this observation. Recently, it has been shown that motivation can counteract positive affect effects. Here, the authors provide evidence for another factor that opposes positive affect effects, namely time on and experience with a task. To this end, the well proven AX-continuous performance task (AX-CPT) was used. Three groups of participants received three blocks of the AX-CPT with a positive affect manipulation (positive group) or neutral affect manipulation (neutral group) or alternating affect blocks (mixed group: pos-neut-pos). Results confirmed the positive affect effect associated with decreased proactive control in the positive and mixed group as compared to the neutral group. Most importantly, all groups showed an increase in proactive control with increasing time on task supporting our prediction that time on task is another factor opposing the positive affect effect. The results thus reveal the sensitivity of the positive affect effect to strategic influences developed with increasing experience with the given task. Implications for future research on the interplay of mild positive affect and cognitive control will be discussed.