Intranasal Drug Delivery: A Non-Invasive Approach for the Better Delivery of Neurotherapeutics
Intranasal Drug Delivery: A Non-Invasive Approach for the Better Delivery of Neurotherapeutics
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DOI：
10.2174/2211738505666170515113936
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Gupta, Umesh
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kumar, Hitesh;Mishra, Gaurav;Gupta, Umesh
工作背景：脑疾病的复杂病理生理学沿着药物对脑的渗透问题代表了需要一些新疗法的主要障碍。血脑屏障（blood-brain barrier，BBB）是治疗药物在体内传递的一个刚性屏障，为克服这一屏障，鼻内给药是一个很好的策略，它可以通过嗅觉和三叉神经途径将药物直接传递到大脑，这些途径起源于鼻腔中的嗅觉神经上皮细胞，终止于大脑。在这篇综述中，我们概述了鼻粘膜的解剖学和生理学方面，某些障碍，各种策略，包括粘膜粘附聚合物的重要性，以增加药物递送和可能的临床前景，部分有助于鼻内药物递送。详尽的文献调查相关的鼻内给药系统揭示了新的策略，绕过血脑屏障，基于非侵入性概念，用于治疗各种CNS疾病。众多的优点，如迅速的效果，自我药疗通过广泛的设备，以及频繁以及长期的剂量与这种新的route.Conclusion：最近很少有报道证明，鼻腔给药系统绕过血脑屏障。这种新的途径与靶向效率和治疗物质较少暴露于非靶位点相关。然而，这条路线需要更多的研究来安全地将治疗药物转移到大脑。粘膜粘附聚合物的作用和用特定配体进行表面修饰是研究人员感兴趣的领域，以探索更多关于这一点。
Background: The convoluted pathophysiology of brain disorders along with penetration issue of drugs to brain represents major hurdle that requires some novel therapies. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) denotes a rigid barrier for delivery of therapeutics in vivo; to overcome this barrier, intranasal delivery is an excellent strategy to deliver the drug directly to brain via olfactory and trigeminal nerve pathways that originate as olfactory neuro-epithelium in the nasal cavity and terminate in brain.Method: Kind of therapeutics like low molecular weight drugs can be delivered to the CNS via this route. In this review, we have outlined the anatomy and physiological aspect of nasal mucosa, certain hurdles, various strategies including importance of muco-adhesive polymers to increase the drug delivery and possible clinical prospects that partly contribute in intranasal drug delivery.Results: Exhaustive literature survey related to intranasal drug delivery system revealed the new strategy that circumvents the BBB, based on non-invasive concept for treating various CNS disorders. Numerous advantages like prompt effects, self-medication through wide-ranging devices, and the frequent as well protracted dosing are associated with this novel route.Conclusion: Recently few reports have proven that nasal to brain drug delivery system bypasses the BBB. This novel route is associated with targeting efficiency and less exposure of therapeutic substances to non-target site. Nevertheless, this route desires much more research into the safe transferring of therapeutics to the brain. Role of muco-adhesive polymer and surface modification with specific ligands are area of interest of researcher to explore more about this.