Farm-like indoor microbiota in non-farm homes protects children from asthma development
Farm-like indoor microbiota in non-farm homes protects children from asthma development
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DOI：
10.1038/s41591-019-0469-4
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发表时间：
2019-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
82.9
通讯作者：
Pekkanen, Juha
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kirjavainen, Pirkka V.;Karvonen, Anne M.;Pekkanen, Juha
随着城市化的发展，哮喘的流行率也在增加，但即使在今天，在传统农场长大也能提供保护（1）。农场的哮喘保护作用似乎与丰富的家庭灰尘微生物群有关（2，3），可用于模拟促进健康的室内微生物群。在这里，我们通过对芬兰出生队列的农场和非农场家庭之间的房屋灰尘微生物群组成的差异进行建模，表明在非农场家庭长大的儿童中，哮喘风险随着家庭细菌微生物群组成与农场家庭的相似性增加而降低。保护性微生物群相对于户外相关细菌分类群具有低丰度的链球菌科。保护作用是独立的丰富性和总细菌负荷，并与减少促炎细胞因子对细菌细胞壁成分离体反应。我们能够在德国农村儿童的一项研究中重现这些发现（2），并表明生活在德国非农场家庭的儿童，其室内微生物群与芬兰农场家庭更相似，哮喘风险降低。室内灰尘微生物群组成似乎是哮喘风险的可定义、可重复的预测因子，也是预防哮喘的潜在可修改目标。
Asthma prevalence has increased in epidemic proportions with urbanization, but growing up on traditional farms offers protection even today(1). The asthma-protective effect of farms appears to be associated with rich home dust microbiota(2,3), which could be used to model a health-promoting indoor microbiome. Here we show by modeling differences in house dust microbiota composition between farm and non-farm homes of Finnish birth cohorts(4) that in children who grow up in non-farm homes, asthma risk decreases as the similarity of their home bacterial microbiota composition to that of farm homes increases. The protective microbiota had a low abundance of Streptococcaceae relative to outdoor-associated bacterial taxa. The protective effect was independent of richness and total bacterial load and was associated with reduced proinflammatory cytokine responses against bacterial cell wall components ex vivo. We were able to reproduce these findings in a study among rural German children(2) and showed that children living in German non-farm homes with an indoor microbiota more similar to Finnish farm homes have decreased asthma risk. The indoor dust microbiota composition appears to be a definable, reproducible predictor of asthma risk and a potential modifiable target for asthma prevention.