β-Amyloid regulates leptin expression and tau phosphorylation through the mTORC1 signaling pathway.

β-Amyloid regulates leptin expression and tau phosphorylation through the mTORC1 signaling pathway.
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DOI:
10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06929.x
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发表时间:
2010-10
影响因子:
4.7
通讯作者:
Ghribi O
Ghribi O
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Marwarha G;Dasari B;Prabhakara JP;Schommer J;Ghribi O

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高水平的脂肪细胞因子瘦素与阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 的风险降低有关。瘦素治疗还可降低 AD 体内和体外模型中的 β-淀粉样蛋白 (Aβ) 水平。 Aβ 和瘦素与 Akt/哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶点复合物 1 (mTORC1) 信号通路相互作用。 Akt/mTORC1 激活通过抑制下游酶 GSK-3β 来减少 tau 磷酸化。 mTORC1 还调节包括瘦素在内的许多蛋白质的翻译。 Aβ 已被证明可以使 Akt 失活、抑制 mTORC1 并促进 tau 磷酸化,而瘦素则可以激活 Akt 和 mTORC1 并减少 tau 磷酸化。然而,Aβ 调节瘦素表达和增加涉及 Akt/mTORC1 的 tau 磷酸化的程度尚未确定。在这项研究中,我们发现将兔海马器官切片与 Aβ 一起孵育可下调瘦素表达、抑制 Akt、激活 GSK-3β、增加 tau 磷酸化并使 mTORC1 失活。瘦素治疗通过减轻 Akt 抑制、防止 GSK-3β 激活、减少 tau 磷酸化和激活 mTORC1 来逆转 Aβ 效应。另一方面,雷帕霉素是 mTORC1 的变构抑制剂,可下调瘦素表达,增加 tau 磷酸化,并且不影响 Akt 和 GSK-3β。我们的结果首次证明 Aβ 通过 mTORC1 调节瘦素表达和 tau 磷酸化。
High levels of the adipocytokine leptin are associated with reduced risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Leptin treatment also reduces β-amyloid (Aβ) levels in in vivo and in vitro models of AD. Aβ and leptin interact with the Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin complex1 (mTORC1) signaling pathway. Akt/mTORC1 activation reduces tau phosphorylation through the inhibition of the downstream enzyme GSK-3β. mTORC1 also regulates translation of many proteins including leptin. While Aβ has been shown to inactivate Akt, inhibit mTORC1, and facilitate the phosphorylation of tau, leptin activates both Akt and mTORC1 and reduces tau phosphorylation. However, the extent to which Aβ may modulate leptin expression and increase tau phosphorylation involving Akt/mTORC1 has not been determined. In this study, we show that incubation of organotypic slices from rabbit hippocampus with Aβ downregulates leptin expression, inhibits Akt, activates GSK-3β, increases tau phosphorylation, and inactivates mTORC1. Leptin treatment reverses Aβ effects by alleviating Akt inhibition, preventing GSK-3β activation, reducing tau phosphorylation, and activating mTORC1. On the other hand, Rapamycin, an allosteric inhibitor of mTORC1, downregulates leptin expression, increases tau phosphorylation, and does not affect Akt and GSK-3β. Our results demonstrate for the first time that Aβ regulates leptin expression and tau phosphorylation through mTORC1.
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