Time Explains Regional Richness Patterns within Glades More Often than Diversification Rates or Area
Time Explains Regional Richness Patterns within Glades More Often than Diversification Rates or Area
复制标题
时间比多样化率或面积更能解释空地内的区域丰富度模式
DOI：
10.1086/702253
复制
发表时间：
2019-04-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Wiens, John J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Hong;Wiens, John J.
大多数生物群体分布在多个区域，不同区域的物种数量不同。这些丰富的模式直接解释了物种形成，灭绝和扩散。因此，区域丰富度模式可以通过区域被殖民的时间差异（在殖民较早的区域有更多的时间进行物种形成），殖民频率的差异或区域之间多样化率的差异（物种形成减去灭绝）来解释（多样化率可能受面积，气候和/或许多其他变量的影响）。很少有研究测试了所有三个因素，大多数只在个别分支中进行了测试。在这里，我们分析了一组不同的15个分支的植物和动物，以测试分支内的区域物种丰富度模式的原因。我们发现，时间是唯一的变量显着解释丰富的模式，在最适合的模型为大多数分支（10/15），而时间与其他因素相结合，解释丰富的所有其他。时间是解释15个进化枝中13个进化枝丰富度的最重要因素，它解释了所有15个进化枝（平均）地区之间物种丰富度差异的72%。令人惊讶的是，时间在更古老和更大的分支中越来越重要。与此相反，区域的面积是相对不重要的解释这些区域丰富度模式。一项系统性审查产生了15项其他相关研究，这些研究也压倒性地支持时间超过多样化率（13比1，其中一项研究支持多样化率和时间）。总的来说，我们的研究结果表明，殖民时间是一个主要因素，解释区域规模的丰富模式内dades（例如，家庭）。
Most groups of organisms occur in multiple regions and have different numbers of species in different regions. These richness patterns are directly explained by speciation, extinction, and dispersal. Thus, regional richness patterns may be explained by differences in when regions were colonized (more time for speciation in regions colonized earlier), differences in how often they were colonized, or differences in diversification rates (speciation minus extinction) among regions (with diversification rates potentially influenced by area, climate, and/or many other variables). Few studies have tested all three factors, and most that did examined them only in individual clades. Here, we analyze a diverse set of 15 clades of plants and animals to test the causes of regional species richness patterns within clades. We find that time was the sole variable significantly explaining richness patterns in the best-fitting models for most clades (10/15), whereas time combined with other factors explained richness in all others. Time was the most important factor explaining richness in 13 of 15 clades, and it explained 72% of the variance in species richness among regions across all 15 dades (on average). Surprisingly, time was increasingly important in older and larger clades. In contrast, the area of the regions was relatively unimportant for explaining these regional richness patterns. A systematic review yielded 15 other relevant studies, which also overwhelmingly supported time over diversification rates (13 to 1, with one study supporting both diversification rates and time). Overall, our results suggest that colonization time is a major factor explaining regional-scale richness patterns within dades (e.g., families).