Computational assessment of a proposed technique for global warming mitigation via albedo-enhancement of marine stratocumulus clouds
Computational assessment of a proposed technique for global warming mitigation via albedo-enhancement of marine stratocumulus clouds
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DOI：
10.1016/j.atmosres.2005.11.013
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发表时间：
2006-11-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Salter, Stephen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bower, Keith;Choularton, Tom;Salter, Stephen
Bower、Jones和Choularton [Bower，K.N.，琼斯，A.，和Choularton，T.W.，1999.层积云对气溶胶处理的模拟研究及其对云和气溶胶的大气环流模式参数化的影响。《大气研究》，第50卷，[3-4，The Great Dun Fell Experiment，1995-Special issue，317-344.]被用来检查由莱瑟姆提出的增强全球变暖缓解方案的敏感性[莱瑟姆，J.，1990.控制全球变暖？Nature 347，339-340;莱瑟姆，J.，2002.通过有控制地增强低层海洋云的积雨云和持久性来改善全球变暖。大气层。Sci.信件（doi：10.1006/Asle.2002.0048）。云和环境气溶胶的特性，以及在该方案下有意引入云的盐质量m（s）和数浓度Δ N的海水气溶胶的特性。计算了m（s）、Δ N、上升速度W、云厚Δ Z和云底温度T-B的大范围值下对应于可忽略、中度和高度污染的环境空气的三种测量气溶胶谱的绝对变化Δ A和液滴数浓度N-d的值。我们对参数值范围的选择取决于其对减缓方案的适用性程度，减缓方案目前的表述仍处于初步阶段，因此在本研究中没有必要使用其他层积云模型中的改进。（1）发现Δ A对Δ N非常敏感，（2）在纯空气中形成的云的Δ A最大，而在高污染空气中形成的云的Δ A最小。在许多被认为属于缓解方案范围内的情况下，计算出的Δ A值超过了早期工作人员的估计值，因为这是产生足以补偿全球范围内的冷却所必需的，我们的计算为减缓计划的物理可行性提供了定量支持，并为其技术可行性提供了新的见解。要求. (c)2006年由Elsevier B. V.出版
A simplified version of the model of marine stratocumulus clouds developed by Bower, Jones and Choularton [Bower, K.N., Jones, A., and Choularton, T.W., 1999. A modeling study of aerosol processing by stratocumulus clouds and its impact on GCM parameterisations of cloud and aerosol. Atmospheric Research, Vol. 50, Nos. 3-4, The Great Dun Fell Experiment, 1995-special issue, 317-344.] was used to examine the sensitivity of the albedo-enhancement global warming mitigation scheme proposed by Latham [Latham, J., 1990. Control of global warming? Nature 347, 339-340; Latham, J., 2002. Amelioration of global warming by controlled enhancement of the albedo and longevity of low-level maritime clouds. Atmos. Sci. Letters (doi:10.1006/Asle.2002.0048).] to the cloud and environmental aerosol characteristics, as well as those of the seawater aerosol of salt-mass m(s) and number concentration Delta N, which-under the scheme-are advertently introduced into the clouds. Values of albedo-change Delta A and droplet number concentration N-d were calculated for a wide range of values of m(s), Delta N, updraught speed W, cloud thickness Delta Z and cloud-base temperature T-B: for three measured aerosol spectra, corresponding to ambient air of negligible, moderate and high levels of pollution. Our choices of parameter value ranges were determined by the extent of their applicability to the mitigation scheme, whose current formulation is still somewhat preliminary, thus rendering unwarranted in this study the utilisation of refinements incorporated into other stratocumulus models.In agreement with earlier studies: (1) Delta A was found to be very sensitive to Delta N and (within certain constraints) insensitive to changes in m(s), W, Delta Z and T-B; (2) Delta A was greatest for clouds formed in pure air and least for highly polluted air. In many situations considered to be within the ambit of the mitigation scheme, the calculated Delta A values exceeded those estimated by earlier workers as being necessary to produce a cooling sufficient to compensate, globally, for the warming resulting from a doubling of the atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration.Our calculations provide quantitative support for the physical viability of the mitigation scheme and offer new insights into its technological requirements. (c) 2006 Published by Elsevier B.V.