Mature HIV-1 capsid structure by cryo-electron microscopy and all-atom molecular dynamics.

Mature HIV-1 capsid structure by cryo-electron microscopy and all-atom molecular dynamics.
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DOI:
10.1038/nature12162
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发表时间:
2013-05-30
期刊:
影响因子:
64.8
通讯作者:
Zhang P
Zhang P
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zhao G;Perilla JR;Yufenyuy EL;Meng X;Chen B;Ning J;Ahn J;Gronenborn AM;Schulten K;Aiken C;Zhang P

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逆转录病毒衣壳蛋白在结构上是保守的,但在组合上形成不同的形态。成熟的人类免疫缺陷病毒-1 (HIV-1)衣壳最好用“富勒烯锥”模型来描述,在这个模型中,衣壳蛋白的六聚体连接形成一个六边形表面晶格,通过结合12个衣壳蛋白五聚体来闭合。HIV-1衣壳蛋白包含一个氨基末端结构域(NTD),包括7个α-螺旋和一个β-发夹,一个羧基末端结构域(CTD),包括4个α-螺旋,以及一个连接两个结构域的310螺旋柔性连接体。用x射线晶体学测定了衣壳-蛋白质组装单元的结构;然而,关于组装衣壳的结构信息和组装单元之间的接触是不完整的。在这里,我们报告了8 Å分辨率的管状HIV-1衣壳蛋白组装的低温电子显微镜结构和天然HIV-1核心的低温电子断层扫描的三维结构。管状组件的结构显示,在三层界面,具有临界疏水相互作用的三螺旋束。诱变研究证实,三螺旋束中心的疏水残基对衣壳组装和稳定性以及病毒传染性至关重要。低温电子显微镜结构可以通过大规模分子动力学模拟进行建模,从而得到六聚体的六聚体和五聚体的六聚体元素以及整个衣壳的全原子模型。五聚体的结合导致更紧密的三聚体接触,并引起急性表面曲率。完整的HIV-1原子衣壳模型为进一步研究衣壳功能和靶向药物干预提供了平台。
Retroviral capsid proteins are conserved structurally but assemble into different morphologies. The mature human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) capsid is best described by a ‘fullerene cone’ model,, in which hexamers of the capsid protein are linked to form a hexagonal surface lattice that is closed by incorporating 12 capsid-protein pentamers. HIV-1 capsid protein contains an amino-terminal domain (NTD) comprising seven α-helices and a β-hairpin,, a carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) comprising four α-helices,, and a flexible linker with a 310-helix connecting the two structural domains. Structures of the capsid-protein assembly units have been determined by X-ray crystallography,; however, structural information regarding the assembled capsid and the contacts between the assembly units is incomplete. Here we report the cryo-electron microscopy structure of a tubular HIV-1 capsid-protein assembly at 8 Å resolution and the three-dimensional structure of a native HIV-1 core by cryo-electron tomography. The structure of the tubular assembly shows, at the three-fold interface, a three-helix bundle with critical hydrophobic interactions. Mutagenesis studies confirm that hydrophobic residues in the centre of the three-helix bundle are crucial for capsid assembly and stability, and for viral infectivity. The cryo-electron-microscopy structures enable modelling by large-scale molecular dynamics simulation, resulting in all-atom models for the hexamer-of-hexamer and pentamer-of-hexamer elements as well as for the entire capsid. Incorporation of pentamers results in closer trimer contacts and induces acute surface curvature. The complete atomic HIV-1 capsid model provides a platform for further studies of capsid function and for targeted pharmacological intervention.
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