Minority Governments in Parliamentary Democracies
Minority Governments in Parliamentary Democracies
复制标题
议会民主制中的少数政府
DOI：
10.1177/0010414084017002004
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发表时间：
1984
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kaare W. Strøm
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kaare W. Strøm
自 1945 年以来，在 15 个议会民主国家中，少数派内阁约占所有政府的 35%。传统解释将少数派政府的组建与政治危机、不稳定、两极分化、派系化和党际谈判失败联系在一起。这些解释经过检验后发现缺乏实证支持。相反，少数政府被解释为特定条件下的理性解决方案。当反对党也能影响议会立法，并且政府参与可能成为未来选举的负担时，少数派内阁就会成立。这种理性主义的解释在针对竞争假设的检验中得到了大量的实证支持。结果表明对政府和联盟形成的理论进行了重要修改。
Minority cabinets account for about 35% of all governments in 15 parliamentary democracies since 1945. Conventional explanations associate minority government formation with political crises, instability, polarization, factionalization, and failures of interparty bargaining. Such explanations are tested and found lacking in empirical support. Instead, minority governments are explained as rational solutions under specified conditions. Minority cabinets form when even oppositional parties can influence parliamentary legislation, and when government participation is likely to be a liability in future elections. This rationalist explanation receives substantial empirical support in tests against competing hypotheses. The results suggest important modifications to theories of government and coalition formation.