Linking leader anti-prototypes and prototypes to gender stereotypes
Linking leader anti-prototypes and prototypes to gender stereotypes
复制标题
将领导者反原型和原型与性别刻板印象联系起来
DOI：
10.1108/gm-06-2016-0130
复制
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
D. Butterfield
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. Powell;D. Butterfield
目的
本研究旨在通过探讨领导者反原型和原型与性别刻板印象之间的联系，来考察可能解释女性在管理中地位的因素。
设计/方法/方式
来自两个群体的样本描述了一个“坏经理”（代表领导者反原型）或一个“好经理”（代表领导者原型）的两个工具，评估男性和女性。
结果
在每种工具上，男性气质在领导者原型和反原型中都比女性气质得到更多的认可。男性气质和女性气质在领导者原型中比在领导者反原型中得到更多的认可，但只有当工具的目的被掩盖而不是透明时。
研究限制/影响
单一的数据收集方法的局限性，样本的性质和一个新设计的规模为研究的目的是承认。建议进一步关注领导者反原型和原型与性别陈规定型观念的联系以及这些联系的结果。
实际影响
做出管理甄选和晋升决定的个人可能更多地关注候选人是否具有男性特征，而不是是否具有女性特征，从而导致女性候选人被忽略，而男性候选人在决定谁能脱颖而出时受到更严格的审查。
社会影响
这项研究表明，认知机制可能会影响妇女在管理中的地位。
独创性/价值
该研究结合了领导者反原型和领导者原型来解释女性在管理中的低地位。
Purpose
This study aims to examine factors that may explain the status of women in management by exploring the linkages between leader anti-prototypes and prototypes to gender stereotypes.
Design/methodology/approach
Samples from two populations described either a “bad manager” (representing leader anti-prototypes) or a “good manager” (representing leader prototypes) on two instruments that assessed masculinity and femininity.
Findings
On each instrument, masculinity was endorsed more than femininity in both leader prototypes and anti-prototypes. Both masculinity and femininity were endorsed more in leader prototypes than leader anti-prototypes but only when the purpose of the instrument was disguised rather than transparent.
Research limitations/implications
Limitations of a single data collection method, the nature of the samples and a newly designed scale for purposes of the study are acknowledged. Further attention to the linkages of leader anti-prototypes and prototypes to gender stereotypes and the outcomes of these linkages is recommended.
Practical implications
Individuals who make managerial selection and promotion decisions may devote more attention to the presence or absence of masculine traits in candidates than to the presence or absence of feminine traits, thereby leading to female candidates being passed over and male candidates receiving greater scrutiny in determining who gets ahead.
Social implications
The study suggests cognitive mechanisms that may influence the status of women in management.
Originality/value
The study incorporates leader anti-prototypes and leader prototypes to explain the low status of women in management.
影响因子：
22.4
作者：
Koenig, Anne M.;Eagly, Alice H.;Ristikari, Tiina
通讯作者：
Ristikari, Tiina