Effects of sea-level rise and freshwater management on long-term water levels and water quality in the Florida Coastal Everglades
Effects of sea-level rise and freshwater management on long-term water levels and water quality in the Florida Coastal Everglades
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.01.025
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发表时间：
2018-04-01
影响因子：
8.7
通讯作者：
Kominoski, John S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dessu, Shimelis B.;Price, Rene M.;Kominoski, John S.
自19世纪80年代以来，大佛罗里达大沼泽地的水文变化降低了大沼泽地国家公园（ENP）的水位和流量。大沼泽地综合恢复计划（CERP）始于2000年，旨在恢复排水前的水流，保护大沼泽地的自然景观。然而，在CERP的发展过程中没有考虑到海平面上升。我们使用了来自佛罗里达沿海大沼泽地长期生态研究计划的长期数据（2001-2016年），对鲨鱼河斯劳（SRS）ENP的水位、盐度和营养物质的空间动态进行了量化和建模，以应对气候、淡水管理和SLR的变化。结果表明，新鲜的海洋水头差（FMHD）是唯一的最重要的因素影响海洋到淡水的水文连通性和运输的盐度和磷从墨西哥湾上游。海平面越来越多地超过地表海拔在最下游的淡水站点在SRS，从而降低FMHD。我们表明，在旱季，当几乎没有淡水流入，以提高FMHD的SLR的影响更大。我们还证明流入的有效性更多地取决于月分布而不是年总量。因此，在旱季，每单位流入量对防止高盐度和海洋营养水平的影响要大得多。我们主张，FMHD需要考虑到水资源管理决策，以减少SLR在整个大沼泽地景观的不利和可能不可逆转的影响。爱思唯尔有限公司出版
Since the 1880s, hydrological modification of the Greater Florida Everglades has reduced water levels and flows in Everglades National Park (ENP). The Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Program (CERP) began in 2000 to restore pre-drainage flows and preserve the natural landscape of the Everglades. However, sea-level rise (SLR) was not considered in the development of CERP. We used long-term data (2001-2016) from the Florida Coastal Everglades-Long Term Ecological Research Program to quantify and model the spatial dynamics of water levels, salinity, and nutrients in response to changes in climate, freshwater management and SLR in the Shark River Slough (SRS), ENP. Results indicate that fresh-to-marine head difference (FMHD) was the single most important factor affecting marine-to-freshwater hydrologic connectivity and transport of salinity and phosphorous upstream from the Gulf of Mexico. Sea-level has increasingly exceeded ground surface elevation at the most downstream freshwater site in SRS, thereby reducing the FMHD. We showed a higher impact of SLR in the dry season when there was practically no freshwater inflow to raise FMHD. We also demonstrated effectiveness of inflow depends more on the monthly distribution than the total annual volume. Hence, the impact per unit volume of inflow is significantly higher in the dry season in preventing high salinity and marine-derived nutrient levels. We advocate that FMHD needs to be factored into water management decisions to reduce adverse and likely irreversible effects of SLR throughout the Everglades landscape. Published by Elsevier Ltd.