COLLISIONS BETWEEN GRAVITY-DOMINATED BODIES. II. THE DIVERSITY OF IMPACT OUTCOMES DURING THE END STAGE OF PLANET FORMATION
COLLISIONS BETWEEN GRAVITY-DOMINATED BODIES. II. THE DIVERSITY OF IMPACT OUTCOMES DURING THE END STAGE OF PLANET FORMATION
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重力主导物体之间的碰撞。
DOI:
10.1088/0004-637x/751/1/32
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发表时间:
2012
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Stewart S
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Stewart S
Numerical simulations of the stochastic end stage of planet formation typically begin with a population of embryos and planetesimals that grow into planets by merging. We analyzed the impact parameters of collisions leading to the growth of terrestrial planets from recent N-body simulations that assumed perfect merging and calculated more realistic outcomes using a new analytic collision physics model. We find that collision outcomes are diverse and span all possible regimes: hit-and-run, merging, partial accretion, partial erosion, and catastrophic disruption. The primary outcomes of giant impacts between planetary embryos are approximately evenly split between partial accretion, graze-and-merge, and hit-and-run events. To explore the cumulative effects of more realistic collision outcomes, we modeled the growth of individual planets with a Monte Carlo technique using the distribution of impact parameters from N-body simulations. We find that fewer planets reached masses> 0.7 M Earth using the collision physics model compared to simulations that assumed every collision results in perfect merging. For final planets with masses> 0.7 M Earth, 60% are enriched in their core-to-mantle mass fraction by> 10% compared to the initial embryo composition. Fragmentation during planet formation produces significant debris (∼ 15% of the final mass) and occurs primarily by erosion of the smaller body in partial accretion and hit-and-run events. In partial accretion events, the target body grows by preferentially accreting the iron core of the projectile and the escaping fragments are derived primarily from the silicate mantles of both bodies. Thus, the bulk composition of a planet can evolve via stochastic giant impacts.
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DOI:
--
发表时间:
2005
期刊:
影响因子:
--
作者:
A. Davis;H. Holland;K. Turekian
通讯作者:
K. Turekian
DOI:
10.1088/0004-637x/691/2/l133
发表时间:
2009-02
期刊:
The Astrophysical Journal
影响因子:
--
作者:
S. Stewart;Z. Leinhardt
通讯作者:
S. Stewart;Z. Leinhardt
影响因子:
4.9
作者:
Kokubo, E;Kominami, J;Ida, S
通讯作者:
Ida, S
DOI:
--
发表时间:
2008
期刊:
影响因子:
--
作者:
Genda;Kokubo;Ida
通讯作者:
Ida
影响因子:
5.3
作者:
Dahl, Tais W.;Stevenson, David J.
通讯作者:
Stevenson, David J.