Comparison of genetic gains per year for carcass traits among breeding programs in the Japanese Brown and the Japanese Black cattle
Comparison of genetic gains per year for carcass traits among breeding programs in the Japanese Brown and the Japanese Black cattle
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DOI：
10.2527/2006.842317x
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发表时间：
2006-02-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Dougo, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sasaki, Y;Miyake, T;Dougo, T
40多年来，日本的肉牛养殖计划发生了巨大变化。最初进行的是视觉判断，但1968年开始在试验站进行子代测试。在20世纪80年代，利用田间记录的遗传评估项目，即所谓的农场子代测试，首先在大分县、兵库县和熊本县被采用。在本研究中，对这3个和牛种群的胴体性状的遗传趋势进行了估计，并比较了3种不同的肉牛育种方案每年的遗传增益。所使用的野外屠体记录收集于1988年至2003年。分析了胴体重、LM面积、肋厚、s.c.脂肪厚度和牛肉大理石纹标准数。用同一年出生的繁殖坝的平均育种值来估计胴体性状的遗传趋势。为了比较3种繁殖方案，将大坝的出生年份分为3个时期，反映每个方案。在所有人群中，牛肉大理石纹标准数明显呈阳性遗传趋势。采用田间子代试验方案，各胴体性状的年遗传增益显著提高。这些结果表明，BLUP在农场进行子代试验是一种非常有效的日本和牛胴体性状遗传改良方法。
The breeding program for beef cattle in Japan has changed dramatically over 4 decades. Visual judging was done initially, but progeny testing in test stations began in 1968. In the 1980s, the genetic evaluation program using field records, so-called on-farm progeny testing, was first adopted in Oita, Hyogo, and Kumamoto prefectures. In this study, genetic trends for carcass traits in these 3 Wagyu populations were estimated, and genetic gains per year were compared among the 3 different beef cattle breeding programs. The field carcass records used were collected between 1988 and 2003. The traits analyzed were carcass weight, LM area, rib thickness, s.c. fat thickness, and beef marbling standard number. The average breeding values of reproducing dams born the same year were used to estimate the genetic trends for the carcass traits. For comparison of the 3 breeding programs, birth years of the dams were divided into 3 periods reflecting each program. Positive genetic trends for beef marbling standard number were clearly shown in all populations. The genetic gains per year for all carcass traits were significantly enhanced by adopting the on-farm progeny testing program. These results indicate that the on-farm progeny testing program with BLUP is a very powerful approach for genetic improvement of carcass traits in Japanese Wagyu beef cattle.