Biomarkers for early diagnosis, prognosis, prediction, and recurrence monitoring of non-small cell lung cancer.
Biomarkers for early diagnosis, prognosis, prediction, and recurrence monitoring of non-small cell lung cancer.
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DOI：
10.2147/ott.s142149
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Yin G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tang Y;Qiao G;Xu E;Xuan Y;Liao M;Yin G
尽管非小细胞肺癌的治疗取得了进展，但它仍然是全球癌症相关死亡的主要原因，主要是因为诊断较晚，总体5年生存率为17%。通过对高危患者进行低剂量计算机断层扫描筛查，降低了死亡率。然而，这种好处后来受到了高假阳性率的挑战，导致了不必要的后续行动，从而给医疗保健系统和个人带来了负担。成像方式造成的诊断困境产生了开发能够区分良性结节和恶性结节的生物标志物的需要。在过去的十年里，随着高通量图谱技术的进步，人们已经做了大量的工作来提取生物标记物来补充临床诊断。然而，它们中只有几个具有有效的敏感性和特异性，可用于临床环境。因此，迫切需要开发灵敏和特异的手段，以便在仍有可能进行根治干预的情况下，在早期阶段发现和诊断肺癌。由于组织活检的侵袭性和无法捕捉肿瘤的异质性，如今人们投入了巨大的努力来开发技术和生物标记物，使使用可以以非侵入性方式获得的底物进行敏感和经济有效的检测成为可能。这篇综述主要集中在液体活检方面，总结了所有已有文献记载的用于诊断、监测复发治疗反应的潜在生物标志物。
Despite advances in the management of non-small cell lung cancer, it remains to be the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide primarily because of diagnosis at a late stage with an overall 5-year survival rate of 17%. A reduction in mortality was achieved by low-dose computed tomography screening of high-risk patients. However, the benefit was later challenged by the high false positive rate, resulting in unnecessary follow-ups, thus entailing a burden on both the health care system and the individual. The diagnostic dilemma imposed by imaging modalities has created a need for the development of biomarkers capable of differentiating benign nodules from malignant ones. In the past decade, with the advancements in high-throughput profiling technologies, a huge amount of work has been done to derive biomarkers to supplement clinical diagnosis. However, only a few of them have efficient sensitivity and specificity to be utilized in clinical settings. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the development of sensitive and specific means to detect and diagnose lung cancers at an early stage, when curative interventions are still possible. Due to the invasiveness of tissue biopsies and inability to capture tumor heterogeneity, nowadays enormous efforts have been invested in the development of technologies and biomarkers that enable sensitive and cost-effective testing using substrates that can be obtained in a noninvasive manner. This review, primarily focusing on liquid biopsy, summarizes all documented potential biomarkers for diagnosis, monitoring recurrence treatment response.