Optimistic social comparisons of older adults low in primary control: A prospective analysis of hospitalization and mortality
Optimistic social comparisons of older adults low in primary control: A prospective analysis of hospitalization and mortality
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DOI：
10.1037/0278-6133.24.4.393
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发表时间：
2005-07-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Perry, RP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bailis, DS;Chipperfield, JG;Perry, RP
社会比较可被策略性地用于强化自我概念。当通过行动进行的首要控制努力无法实现时，这种运用可能构成对控制的次要追求。基于控制的毕生发展理论，作者提出假设并发现，社会比较判断能够预测在健康领域首要控制感知较低的老年人的身体健康状况。只有在这类受访者中，在对年龄、性别、日常生活活动能力、慢性疾病以及既往住院情况进行调整后，更积极的社会比较判断才能显著预测在接下来的2 - 6年中，如省级健康记录所显示的，住院和死亡的几率更低。在晚年，乐观的社会比较可能通过提供次要控制有助于更好的健康。
Social comparison can be used strategically to bolster the self-concept. Such use may constitute secondary striving for control, when primary striving through action is unattainable. On the basis of the life span theory of control, the authors hypothesized and found that social comparison judgments would predict physical health outcomes among older adults with low primary control perceptions in the health domain. Only among such respondents, after age, sex, activities of daily living, chronic conditions, and prior hospitalization were adjusted for, did more positive social comparison judgments predict significantly lower odds of hospitalization and death over the next 2-6 years as reported in provincial health records. In later life, optimistic social comparisons may contribute to better health by providing secondary control.