When Do Plans Matter?
When Do Plans Matter?
复制标题
计划什么时候重要？
DOI：
10.1080/01944363.2019.1667262
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
G. Homsy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lu Liao;M. Warner;G. Homsy
抽象问题、研究策略和发现：计划常常被束之高阁，无法推动行动。这就提出了计划如何以及何时起作用的问题。这在可持续性规划中尤其重要，因为地方政府更有可能采取短期利益的行动，这些行动很容易被采纳。规划者如何促进更多的可持续性行动，特别是那些具有长期效益的行动？在这项研究中，我们通过跟踪651个美国的可持续发展行动来研究影响当地可持续发展行动的因素2010年至2015年，地方政府采取了34项可持续发展行动。我们将最近采用可持续发展计划的地方与那些有长期可持续发展计划的地方以及那些从未采用可持续发展计划的地方区分开来。我们使用差异中差异（DID）模型来评估计划对可持续性行动水平的影响。我们发现，计划刚制定的时候，在激励行动方面可能会有最大的效果。在2010年至2015年期间采取计划的地方，在这些年内的可持续发展行动显著增加。相比之下，在2010年已经制定了计划的地方，其可持续发展行动的初始水平更高，但与没有计划的地方相比，其采取的行动数量并没有更高的增长水平。总体而言，我们发现可持续发展行动水平较高的地方政府明确了社会公平目标，投入了人力和预算资源，吸引了公众，并促进了部门间的协调。共和党控制下的地方政府制定的可持续发展行动较少。实践要点：可持续发展计划在新制定时最能有效地刺激当地的可持续发展行动。然而，随着时间的推移，这种对激励行为的影响逐渐减弱。促进持续采取可持续行动需要采取综合办法，注意政治支持、公众参与、社会公平、部门间协调和地方能力。
Abstract Problem, research strategy, and findings: Plans often sit on the shelf and fail to promote action. This raises the question of how and when plans matter. This is especially important in sustainability planning where local governments are more likely to take actions with short-term benefits that are easy to adopt. How can planners promote more sustainability actions, especially those with longer term benefits? In this study we examine factors influencing local sustainability actions by tracking 651 U.S. local governments’ adoption of 34 sustainability actions from 2010 to 2015. We differentiate places that recently adopted a sustainability plan from those that have had a plan for a longer period and those that have never adopted a sustainability plan. We use difference-in-difference (DID) modeling to assess what effect plans have on the level of sustainability actions. We find a plan may have its greatest effect in motivating actions when it is newly created. Places that adopted a plan between 2010 and 2015 exhibited a significant increase in sustainability actions during those same years. By contrast, places that already had a plan in 2010 showed higher initial levels of sustainability actions but did not show a higher level of growth in the number of actions adopted compared with places without plans. In general, we find local governments with higher levels of sustainability actions articulate social equity goals, devote staff and budget resources to the effort, engage the public, and promote interdepartmental coordination. Local governments under Republican control enact fewer sustainability actions. Takeaway for practice: Sustainability plans are most effective in spurring local sustainability actions when they are newly created. However, this initiation impact in motivating actions wanes over time. Promoting continued adoption of sustainability actions requires a comprehensive approach with attention to political support, public participation, social equity, interdepartmental coordination, and local capacity.