Epidemiological and Clinical Aspects of Domestic Violence in Senegal
Epidemiological and Clinical Aspects of Domestic Violence in Senegal
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塞内加尔家庭暴力的流行病学和临床方面
DOI：
10.4236/health.2017.910103
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Dia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Leyé;I. Seck;A. Faye;M. Diongue;O. Kâ;Marème Sougou Ndeye;A. Dia
简介：尽管报道不足，家庭暴力仍然是塞内加尔的一个重大挑战。本研究的目的是对塞内加尔家庭暴力的流行病学和临床因素进行描述性分析。方法：进行了描述性和回顾性观察研究。这些数据是从 2006 年至 2015 年登记的身体和/或性暴力女性受害者的法庭记录中收集的。在此期间，在塞内加尔某一高等法院有法庭记录的遭受丈夫身体和/或性暴力的女性受害者也包括在内。选择所有符合纳入标准的记录进行研究，并使用 Epi Info 3.3.2 分析数据。结果：根据148名家庭暴力女性受害人的法庭记录，受害人的平均年龄为30.6±10.1岁。超过3/4（76.4%）的受害者是管家，其中82.4%没有受过教育。施暴者的平均年龄为40.4±11.4岁，47.3%的案件为非正规部门个体经营者。此外，超过 3/4 (78.4%) 的肇事者没有受过教育。 11 名妇女（占受害者的 8%）在怀孕期间遭到虐待。身体暴力占主导地位（95.3%），而与性侵犯相关的案件占4.7%。在记录的 7 起性暴力案件中，有 3 起是非自愿的性接触案件，所有身体暴力案件都是殴打和殴打案件。 81.8%的暴力事件发生在施暴者的家中。 84.7%的案件中，受害者在24小时或更短的时间内得到了治疗和护理。在受害者中，73%出现临床病变。挫伤、血肿和穿透伤最常见，占23.1%；分别占病例的 19.4% 和 13.9%。结论：尽管过去十年司法系统登记的案件数量很少，但没有受到受害者谴责的暴力事件却在发生。因此，提高社区内的认识并打破阻碍夫妻双方承认妇女权利的社会文化障碍似乎是适当的。
Introduction: Despite being under-reported, domestic violence remains a significant challenge in Senegal. The aim of this study is to provide a descriptive analysis of the epidemiological and clinical factors characterizing domestic violence in Senegal. Methodology: A descriptive and retrospectively observational study was conducted. The data was collected from the court records of female victims of physical and/or sexual violence registered from 2006 to 2015. Female victims of physical and/or sexual violence at the hands of their husbands who had a court record at one of Senegal’s high courts during this period were also included. All records that met the inclusion criteria were selected for the study, and the data was analyzed using Epi Info 3.3.2. Results: According to the court records of 148 female victims of domestic violence, the average age of the victims was 30.6 ± 10.1 years. More than 3/4 (76.4%) of the victims were housekeepers, 82.4% of whom were uneducated. The average age of the perpetrators was 40.4 ± 11.4 years, and they were self-employed in the informal sector in 47.3% of the cases. Additionally, more than 3/4 (78.4%) of the perpetrators were uneducated. Eleven women (8% of the victims), were abused while pregnant. Physical violence was predominant (95.3%), while those associated with sexual assault accounted for 4.7% of cases. Of the 7 recorded cases of sexual violence, 3 were cases of unwanted sexual touching, and all cases of physical violence were cases of assault and battery. The violence took place at the home of the perpetrators in 81.8% of cases. In 84.7% of the cases, victims received treatment and care within 24 hours or less. Among the victims, 73% showed clinical lesions. Contusions, hematomas and penetrating wounds were most frequent, representing 23.1%; 19.4% and 13.9% of cases respectively. Conclusion: Despite the low number of cases registered in the judicial system in the past ten years, much more violence is occurring without being denounced by the victims. Therefore, it seems appropriate to increase awareness within the community and break sociocultural barriers that hinder the recognition of women’s rights in the couple.