Effects of Aging on Arm Swing during Gait: The Role of Gait Speed and Dual Tasking.
Effects of Aging on Arm Swing during Gait: The Role of Gait Speed and Dual Tasking.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0136043
复制
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Hausdorff JM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mirelman A;Bernad-Elazari H;Nobel T;Thaler A;Peruzzi A;Plotnik M;Giladi N;Hausdorff JM
健康步行的特点是明显的手臂摆动和轴向旋转。先前已报道过衰老对步态速度、步长和步幅时间变异性的影响，然而，人们对衰老对手臂摆动和轴向旋转的影响及其与日常行走和双重任务等更具挑战性的条件下与年龄相关的步态变化的关系知之甚少。这项旨在解决这一差距的研究纳入了 60 名年龄在 30-77 岁之间的健康成年人。轻质身体固定传感器被放置在每个手腕和下背部。参与者在 3 种步行条件下步行，每次步行 1 分钟：1）舒适速度，2）步行时连续减去 3（双重任务），3）快速步行。比较了数十岁（30-40岁；41-50岁；51-60岁；61-77岁）之间年龄对手臂摆动幅度、范围、对称性、冲击力以及轴向旋转幅度和冲击力的影响。正如预期的那样，老年人行走速度较慢 (p = 0.03)，步幅变异性增加 (p = 0.02)。在所有条件下，手臂摆动幅度都随着年龄的增长而下降 (p = 0.04)。在最年长的组中，手臂摆动在双重任务期间减少，在快走条件下增加（p<0.0001）。同样，在老年组中，手臂摆动不对称性在双重任务中增加（p<0.004），但在年轻组中则没有增加（p = 0.67）。在手臂摆动急动度（p<0.02）、轴向旋转幅度（p<0.02）和轴向急动度（p<0.001）方面观察到组间和条件内的显着差异。在多变量模型中，步态速度、优势臂的手臂摆动幅度、手臂摆动不对称性和轴向旋转急动度都是年龄的独立预测因素。这些发现表明，在健康的老年人中，步态速度和双重任务对步行过程中手臂摆动和轴向旋转的影响发生了改变。需要开展后续工作来检查这些影响是否会导致衰老稳定性降低。
Healthy walking is characterized by pronounced arm swing and axial rotation. Aging effects on gait speed, stride length and stride time variability have been previously reported, however, less is known about aging effects on arm swing and axial rotation and their relationship to age-associated gait changes during usual walking and during more challenging conditions like dual tasking. Sixty healthy adults between the ages of 30–77 were included in this study designed to address this gap. Lightweight body fixed sensors were placed on each wrist and lower back. Participants walked under 3 walking conditions each of 1 minute: 1) comfortable speed, 2) walking while serially subtracting 3’s (Dual Task), 3) walking at fast speed. Aging effects on arm swing amplitude, range, symmetry, jerk and axial rotation amplitude and jerk were compared between decades of age (30–40; 41–50; 51–60; 61–77 years). As expected, older adults walked slower (p = 0.03) and with increased stride variability (p = 0.02). Arm swing amplitude decreased with age under all conditions (p = 0.04). In the oldest group, arm swing decreased during dual task and increased during the fast walking condition (p<0.0001). Similarly, arm swing asymmetry increased during the dual task in the older groups (p<0.004), but not in the younger groups (p = 0.67). Significant differences between groups and within conditions were observed in arm swing jerk (p<0.02), axial rotation amplitude (p<0.02) and axial jerk (p<0.001). Gait speed, arm swing amplitude of the dominant arm, arm swing asymmetry and axial rotation jerk were all independent predictors of age in a multivariate model. These findings suggest that the effects of gait speed and dual tasking on arm swing and axial rotation during walking are altered among healthy older adults. Follow-up work is needed to examine if these effects contribute to reduced stability in aging.