Fourier transform imaging of impurities in the unit cells of crystals: Mn in GaAs

Fourier transform imaging of impurities in the unit cells of crystals: Mn in GaAs
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晶体晶胞中杂质的傅里叶变换成像:GaAs 中的 Mn

DOI:
10.1103/physrevb.81.235207
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发表时间:
2010
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
J. Zegenhagen
J. Zegenhagen
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
T.;C. Bihler;W. Schoch;W. Limmer;J. Daeubler;S. Thiess;M. Brandt;J. Zegenhagen

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The lattice sites of Mn in ferromagnetic (Ga,Mn)As thin films were imaged using the x-ray standing wave technique. The model-free images, obtained straightforwardly by Fourier inversion, disclose immediately that the Mn mostly substitutes the Ga with a small fraction residing on minority sites. The images further reveal variations in the Mn concentrations of the different sites upon post-growth treatments. Subsequent model refinement based on the directly reconstructed images resolves with high precision the complete Mn site distributions. It is found that post-growth annealing increases the fraction of substitutional Mn at the expense of interstitial Mn whereas hydrogenation has little influence on the Mn site distribution. Our study offers an element-specific high-resolution imaging approach for accurately determining the detailed site distributions of dilute concentrations of atoms in crystals.