Sex and Gender: On the Development of Masculinity and Femininity
Sex and Gender: On the Development of Masculinity and Femininity
复制标题
性与性别：论男性气质和女性气质的发展
DOI：
10.1001/jama.1968.03150060084031
复制
发表时间：
1968
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
D. W. Goodwin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. W. Goodwin
本标题中的“性别”是指生物性别，“社会性别”是指人们对自己的男性或女性的概念。性与性别如何关联——或者更准确地说，如何无法关联——是本书的主题。作者是一位精神分析师，拥有十年治疗先天性异常患者和“性别”错误的正常生物禀赋患者的经验。后者主要由穿着异性的人（易装者）和热切渴望成为异性的人（变性者）组成，甚至为此寻求外科手术。斯托勒整理了一系列令人印象深刻的临床证据，表明心理性别在很大程度上独立于生物性别——至少在人类中是这样。早期父母的影响被认为是塑造性别认同的决定性因素，作者忠实于他的专业背景，主要用弗洛伊德的术语解释了这些影响，并带有
"Sex" in this title refers to biological sex, "gender" to the concept that people have of themselves as male or female. How sex relates to gender—or, more precisely, fails to relate—is the subject of the book. The author is a psychoanalyst with ten year's experience of treating patients with congenital sexual anomalies and those of normal biological endowment whose "genders" are awry. The latter consist mainly of individuals who dress like the opposite sex (transvestities) and those who ardently desire to be the opposite sex (transexuals), even to the point of seeking surgical manipulation to that end. Stoller marshals an impressive array of clinical evidence to indicate that psychological sex is largely independent of biological sex—at least in humans. Early parental influences are held to be the decisive factor in molding gender identity, and the author, true to his professional background, explains these influences largely in freudian terms, with a