Diversity and characterization of spoilage-associated psychrotrophs in food in cold chain.
Diversity and characterization of spoilage-associated psychrotrophs in food in cold chain.
复制标题
冷链食品中与腐败相关的耐冷菌的多样性和特征。
DOI：
10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.09.026
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
T. Yue
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yuxiang Zhang;Jianping Wei;Yahong Yuan;T. Yue
在这项工作中，从商业食品中分离出了已知的导致食品变质的嗜冷菌。此外，对代表菌株的温度敏感性和挥发性有机化合物进行了表征，以评价种群的异质性。从30份嗜冷菌阳性标本中鉴定出490株细菌，分属于20科38属，其中革兰氏阴性菌最常见。假单胞菌属优势明显，尤其是碎片假单胞菌，其次是冷杆菌属、布鲁氏菌属、沙雷氏菌属和营养不稳定性单胞菌属，优势菌种类因来源不同而不同。与哈夫尼亚相关的水产品和与狭小营养单胞菌对应的速冻食品以及畜产品被证明是嗜冷菌生长的良好生态位。该属与水果有密切的关系。豆类、谷类和乳制品中仅检出假单胞菌。生长曲线的拟合表明，供试菌株在4 °C下具有良好的适应性和耐受性，其多样性生长也反映了种内差异和表型多样性。GC-MS检测到多种酯类、芳香族化合物、醇类和酮类物质，其中冷杆菌中含有高级醇，假单胞菌中以碳氢化合物和醚类为主。特别是，由于只在细菌样本中发现了大量的异佛尔酮，因此推测它是嗜冷菌的特征物质。
In this work, psychrotrophs known to cause food spoilage were isolated from commercial food products. Further, temperature sensitivities and volatile organic compounds of the representative strains were characterized to evaluate the population heterogeneity. A total of 490 isolates belonging to 38 genera of 20 families were identified from 30 psychrotroph-positive samples, among which Gram-negative bacteria occurred frequently. The genusPseudomonasexhibited a clear predominance, especiallyPseudomonas fragi, followed byPsychrobacter,Brochothrix,Serratia, andStenotrophomonas, with the dominant bacteria varying with origin. Aquatic products related toHafniaand quick-frozen food corresponding toStenotrophomonas, as well as livestock products were shown to be good ecological niches for growth of psychrotrophs. The genusPantoeawas shown to have an intimate relationship with fruits. While in bean, cereal grain and dairy products, onlyPseudomonaswas present. The fits of the growth curves demonstrated good adaptability and tolerance of the tested strains under 4 °C, and multifarious growth also reflected intra-species differences and phenotypic diversity. Various kinds of esters, aromatic compounds, alcohols, and ketones were frequently detected by GC–MS. High alcohols were seen inPsychrobacter, but hydrocarbons and ethers were more often found inPseudomonas. In particular, since high amounts of isophorone were only discovered in bacteria samples, it is speculated to be the characteristic substance of psychrotrophs.