Rice Stripe Tenuivirus Has a Greater Tendency To Use the Prime-and-Realign Mechanism in Transcription of Genomic than in Transcription of Antigenomic Template RNAs
Rice Stripe Tenuivirus Has a Greater Tendency To Use the Prime-and-Realign Mechanism in Transcription of Genomic than in Transcription of Antigenomic Template RNAs
复制标题
与反基因组模板 RNA 的转录相比，稻条细病毒在基因组转录中更倾向于使用引发和重排机制。
DOI：
10.1128/jvi.01414-17
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Wu, Zujian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu, Xiaojuan;Jin, Jing;Wu, Zujian
大多数节段性负义RNA病毒采用称为帽抢夺（cap snatching）的过程，在此过程中，它们从宿主细胞mRNA中抢夺加帽的RNA前导序列，并使用抢夺的前导序列作为转录引物，导致合成具有5'异质序列（HS）的病毒mRNA。传统的方法只能确定少数HS，并且很难识别它们的供体。本研究采用高通量测序技术对水稻条纹细条病毒（RSV）和水稻草矮病毒（RGSV）及其寄主水稻的mRNA 5'端进行了测定。获得了数百万个细小病毒HS，并且其中大量定位于相应宿主细胞mRNA的5'端。与细病毒模板3 ′-U（1）G（2）U（3）G（4）UU UCG的U（1）G（2）互补的二核苷酸AC的重复被发现在细病毒HS的3 ′末端普遍存在。这些AC中的大多数与宿主细胞mRNA不匹配，这支持了细小病毒在夺帽过程中使用引发和重新对齐机制的观点。我们先前报道了RSV比RGSV更倾向于在转录中使用引物-重新对齐机制，其中前导序列帽从共感染呼肠孤病毒中夺取。除了在天然细病毒感染中证实这一观察结果外，这里的数据还揭示了RSV在转录基因组模板中比在转录反基因组模板中更倾向于使用这种机制。这些数据还表明，细薄病毒帽从宿主细胞中的光合作用和光合作用相关基因中抢夺mRNA，并且被细薄病毒帽化的RNA前导序列与病毒模板的U-1/U-3或G（2）/G（4）碱基配对。这些结果提供了前所未有的洞察帽抢夺过程的tenuiviruses.IMPORTANCE许多分段负义RNA病毒（分段NSV）是医学或农业上重要的病原体。夺帽过程是开发针对这组病毒的抗病毒策略的有希望的靶点。然而，这一过程的许多细节仍然没有得到很好的表征。细病毒属是农业上重要的节段NSV属，其中几个成员是水稻的主要病毒病原体。在此，我们首次采用高通量测序策略来确定细小病毒的5'异质序列（HS），并将其定位到宿主细胞mRNA。除了提供深入的见解，冠状病毒的抢夺，所获得的数据提供了明确的证据，以支持先前提出的几个模型，关于帽抢夺。奇怪的是，重要的是，这里的数据表明，不仅不同的细薄病毒，而且相同的细薄病毒合成不同的mRNA使用引物和重新对齐机制，在他们的帽抢夺不同的倾向。
Most segmented negative-sense RNA viruses employ a process termed cap snatching, during which they snatch capped RNA leaders from host cellular mRNAs and use the snatched leaders as primers for transcription, leading to the synthesis of viral mRNAs with 5' heterogeneous sequences (HSs). With traditional methods, only a few HSs can be determined, and identification of their donors is difficult. Here, the mRNA 5' ends of Rice stripe tenuivirus (RSV) and Rice grassy stunt tenuivirus (RGSV) and those of their host rice were determined by high-throughput sequencing. Millions of tenuiviral HSs were obtained, and a large number of them mapped to the 5' ends of corresponding host cellular mRNAs. Repeats of the dinucleotide AC, which are complementary to the U(1)G(2) of the tenuiviral template 3'-U(1)G(2)U(3)G(4)UU UCG, were found to be prevalent at the 3' termini of tenuiviral HSs. Most of these ACs did not match host cellular mRNAs, supporting the idea that tenuiviruses use the prime-and-realign mechanism during cap snatching. We previously reported a greater tendency of RSV than RGSV to use the prime-and-realign mechanism in transcription with leaders cap snatched from a coinfecting reovirus. Besides confirming this observation in natural tenuiviral infections, the data here additionally reveal that RSV has a greater tendency to use this mechanism in transcribing genomic than in transcribing antigenomic templates. The data also suggest that tenuiviruses cap snatch host cellular mRNAs from translation-and photosynthesis-related genes, and capped RNA leaders snatched by tenuiviruses base pair with U-1/U-3 or G(2)/G(4) of viral templates. These results provide unprecedented insights into the cap-snatching process of tenuiviruses.IMPORTANCE Many segmented negative-sense RNA viruses (segmented NSVs) are medically or agriculturally important pathogens. The cap-snatching process is a promising target for the development of antiviral strategies against this group of viruses. However, many details of this process remain poorly characterized. Tenuiviruses constitute a genus of agriculturally important segmented NSVs, several members of which are major viral pathogens of rice. Here, we for the first time adopted a high-throughput sequencing strategy to determine the 5' heterogeneous sequences (HSs) of tenuiviruses and mapped them to host cellular mRNAs. Besides providing deep insights into the cap snatching of tenuiviruses, the data obtained provide clear evidence to support several previously proposed models regarding cap snatching. Curiously and importantly, the data here reveal that not only different tenuiviruses but also the same tenuivirus synthesizing different mRNAs use the prime-and-realign mechanism with different tendencies during their cap snatching.