Density- and age-dependent reproduction partially compensates culling efforts of invasive non-native American mink
Density- and age-dependent reproduction partially compensates culling efforts of invasive non-native American mink
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DOI：
10.1007/s10530-015-0902-7
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发表时间：
2015-09-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Lambin, Xavier
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Melero, Yolanda;Robinson, Ella;Lambin, Xavier
野生动物物种的管理策略必须适当考虑到密度依赖的生命率的变化。密度依赖关系的知识是稀疏的大多数物种，但这样的知识应该告知适应性管理。使用的数据从一个大规模的，6年的控制工作的入侵非本土美国貂（Neovison vison）在苏格兰，我们分析了密度依赖性的变化，繁殖所揭示的胎盘疤痕计数在淘汰的女性。控制强烈降低貂密度，但它随时间和空间的变化，反映了变化时，控制开始在每个河段。我们使用栅栏统计模型，同时涉及的概率的概念，产仔数和女性年龄，以流行的水貂密度在河流部分，女性被淘汰。无论是怀孕的概率（平均0.81）和窝仔数（平均5.52）增加的密度，而不是男性，女性，下降。此外，有一个衰老下降的繁殖力的两个组成部分，这给水貂淘汰和随后的再入侵，导致在一个年轻的人口，进一步增加了密度依赖的繁殖力补偿。即使在最低密度下，也没有证据表明存在脱髓鞘现象。预测的密度和年龄结构的变化的综合影响，可能会导致高达2.1幼崽每雌性占据或重新入侵控制区的繁殖力增加。控制策略必须具有足够的适应性和鲁棒性，以克服这种补偿并抑制水貂和其他入侵哺乳动物的密度。
Management strategies of wildlife species must pay due regard to density dependent changes in vital rates. Knowledge of density dependent relationships is sparse for most species but such knowledge ought to inform adaptive management. Using data from a large-scale, 6 years of control effort of the invasive non-native American mink (Neovison vison) in Scotland, we analysed density dependent changes in reproduction as revealed by placental scar counts in culled females. Control strongly reduced mink density but it varied substantially over time and space, reflecting variation in when control was initiated in each river section. We used hurdle statistical models to simultaneously relate the probability of conception, litter size and female age to prevailing mink density in river sections where the female was culled. Both the probability of conceiving a litter (average 0.81) and litter size (average 5.52 pups) increased as the density of females, but not males, declined. In addition, there was a senescent decline in both components of fecundity, which given culling of mink and subsequent reinvasions, resulted in a younger population, adding further to density dependent compensation in fecundity. There was no evidence of depensation, even at the lowest density. The predicted combined impact of changes in density and age structure could lead to an increase in fecundity of up to 2.1 pups per female occupying or reinvading the controlled area. Control strategies must be sufficiently adaptable and robust in order to overcome this compensation and suppress densities of mink and other invasive mammals.