STUDIES ON BLOOD CAPILLARIES .I. GENERAL ORGANIZATION OF BLOOD CAPILLARIES IN MUSCLE
STUDIES ON BLOOD CAPILLARIES .I. GENERAL ORGANIZATION OF BLOOD CAPILLARIES IN MUSCLE
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DOI：
10.1083/jcb.37.2.244
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发表时间：
1968-01-01
影响因子：
7.8
通讯作者：
PALADE, GE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BRUNS, RR;PALADE, GE
大鼠、豚鼠和仓鼠的骨骼肌（膈肌、舌肌、后腿肌）和心肌的毛细血管壁由连续的3层或被膜组成：内皮（内层）、基膜及其相关周细胞（中间层）和外膜（外层）。扁平的内皮细胞具有特征性的大量胞质囊泡，在细胞减弱的外周内，胞质囊泡的最大频率可达120/[mu]2，占细胞质体积的18%；这些值随着细胞向核周增厚而降低。囊泡的总直径为650- 750a，由典型的单位膜包围。它们以单个单位出现，或融合形成由2-3个囊泡组成的短链。每一种结构可能完全位于细胞质内或开放到细胞表面。在后一种情况下，囊泡的单位膜是连续的，一层一层地与质膜相连。在内皮细胞细胞质的切片或三维重建中，没有观察到内皮细胞束膜的血液和组织前方同时开放的囊泡链。相邻的内皮细胞彼此紧密相连，在它们的大部分边缘，可能在它们的整个周长，通过狭窄的膜融合带（闭塞带）连接在一起。除了舌上的毛细血管外，细胞间隙很少或不存在。中间层由连续的基膜（[长虚线]500 a厚）和位于基膜小叶之间的周细胞组成。周细胞假足的尖端穿透这层膜的内小叶。周细胞伪足的尖端穿过基底膜的内小叶，与闭塞斑内的内皮相连。外膜是由细胞（巨噬细胞、成纤维细胞、肥大细胞）和细胞外（原纤维、无定形基质）组成的不连续层。在毛细管的整个长度上似乎都采用了相同的一般构造类型。
The wall of the blood capillaries of skeletal muscles (diaphragm, tongue, hind legs) and myocardium of the rat, guinea pig, and hamster consists of 3 consecutive layers or tunics: the endothelium (inner layer), the basement membrane with its associated pericytes (middle layer), and the adventitia (outer layer). The flattened cells of the endothelium have a characteristic, large population of cytoplasmic vesicles which, within the attenuated periphery of the cells, may attain a maximum frequency of 120/[mu]2 of cell front and occupy[long dash]18% of the cytoplasmic volume; these values decrease as the cells thicken toward the perikaryon. The vesicles are 650-750 A in over-all diameter and are bounded by typical unit membranes. They occur as single units or are fused to form short chains of 2-3 vesicles. Each configuration may lie entirely within the cytoplasm or open onto the cell surface. In the latter case, the unit membrane of the vesicle is continuous, layer by layer, with the plasmalemma. Chains of vesicles opening simultaneously on both the blood and tissue fronts of the endothelial tunic were not observed either in sections or in a tridimensional reconstruction of a sector of endothelial cell cytoplasm. Adjacent endothelial cells are closely apposed to one another and appear to be joined over a large part of their margins, possibly over their entire perimeter, by narrow belts of membrane fusion (zonulae occludentes). Except for tongue capillaries, patent intercellular gaps are rare or absent. The middle layer is formed by a continuous basement membrane ([long dash] 500 A thick) and by pericytes which lie in between leaflets of this membrane. The tips of the pericyte pseudopodia penetrate through the inner leaflet of this membrane. The tips of the pericyte pseudopodia penetrate through the inner leaflet of the basement membrane and join the endothelium in maculae occludentes. The adventitia is a discontinuous layer comprising cellular (macro-phages, fibroblasts, mast cells) and extracellular (fibrils, amorphous matrix) elements. The same general type of construction appears to be used along the entire length of the capillary.