Cognitive inhibition and working memory in unipolar depression
Cognitive inhibition and working memory in unipolar depression
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jad.2008.10.028
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发表时间：
2009-07-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Le Gall, Didier
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gohier, Benedicte;Ferracci, Laetitia;Le Gall, Didier
背景资料：在过去的十年中，越来越多的证据表明，患有重度抑郁症（MDD）的人在注意力、工作记忆、执行功能（包括认知抑制、问题和任务规划）方面存在障碍。本研究的目的是评估工作记忆中的抑制机制与情绪中性材料在一组患者患有抑郁症。我们假设，认知抑制的损害是全球性的，而不仅仅是由于情绪效价的刺激采用的tasks.Methods：20例MDD（DSM-IV）和20名健康对照者被招募。为了评估认知抑制，我们使用中性材料，以散文分心任务（PDT）（Connelly SL，1991），连线测验（TMT），改良卡片分类测验（MCST），规则转换卡（RSC），Stroop测验和Hayling句子完成测验（HSC）的形式。还使用改良6要素测试、布里克斯顿空间预期测试、双重任务表现和言语流畅性测试来评估其他执行功能，例如灵活性、计划任务和记忆。结果：抑郁症患者的认知抑制能力受损。他们在PDT上犯了更多的错误，同时响应时间也更慢。在Stroop、TMT和RSC上也观察到反应时间较慢。在言语流畅性的语义部分和改良六要素任务中，MDD组的错误率高于对照组。结论：抑郁症患者不能抑制中性信息进入工作记忆，不能抑制和删除无关信息。这种认知抑制的损害可能是抑郁症认知缓慢和注意力缺陷的基础。(C)2008 Elsevier B. V.保留所有权利。
Background: Over the past decade, evidence has accumulated to suggest that people suffering from Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) present impairment in attention, working memory, executive function, including cognitive inhibition, problem- and task-planning. The aim of the current study was to assess inhibitory mechanisms within working memory with emotionally neutral material in a group of patients suffering from MDD. We hypothesized that impairment in cognitive inhibition is global and not only due to the emotional valence of the stimuli employed for the tasks.Methods: Twenty patients with MDD (DSM-IV) and 20 healthy controls were recruited. To assess cognitive inhibition, we used neutral material, in the form of the Prose Distraction Task (PDT) (Connelly SL, 1991), Trail Making Test (TMT), Modified Card Sorting Test (MCST), Rule Shift Cards (RSC), Stroop test and Hayling Sentence Completion test (HSC). The Modified 6 elements test, the Brixton Spatial Anticipation test, the dual task performance and the verbal fluencies test were also used to assess other executive function such as flexibility, planning tasks and memory.Results: Individuals with depression showed impairment in cognitive inhibition. They made more errors on the PDT, alongside slower response times. Slower response times were also observed on the Stroop, TMT and RSC. The MDD group made more errors in HSC and performed worse than controls in the semantic part of verbal fluency and Modified 6 elements tasks. The impairment of access function was significantly associated with the level of depression.Conclusion: Depressed patients showed inability to inhibit neutral information access to working memory, restrain and delete irrelevant information. This impairment in cognitive inhibition could underlie cognitive slowness and attentional deficits in depression. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.