Cultivar Mixture Enhances Crop Yield by Decreasing Aphids
Cultivar Mixture Enhances Crop Yield by Decreasing Aphids
复制标题
品种混合物通过减少蚜虫来提高作物产量
DOI：
10.3390/agronomy12020335
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发表时间：
2022-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Zhao, Zihua
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Duan, Xueying;Pan, Shiye;Zhao, Zihua
农业集约化导致的生物多样性减少对农业环境中的可持续作物生产产生了负面影响。植物多样性有助于控制害虫；然而，研究表明，在农业景观中，具有突出的农业生态实践的多品种基因型多样性，以抑制害虫和提高作物产量是有限的。为了研究小麦品种多样性对蚜虫和作物生产力的影响，我们在2018-2020年通过设计单一（抗性/易感）和品种混合的地块进行了田间试验。通过测定稻瘟病蚜（Sitobion miscanthi）和稻瘟病蚜（Rhopalosiphum padi）种群丰度和作物产量对抗感小麦品种和杂交小麦品种的影响，揭示了开封地区最具优势的混播模式。结果表明，与单一品种（抗/感）相比，混合品种显著降低了蚜虫的丰度。混合品种的产量高于单一品种（抗/感）。混合品种在2019年和2020年的千粒重均显著高于敏感品种和抗性品种。混合品种通过降低谷物蚜虫而提高小麦产量，表明从遗传多样性到害虫丰度存在自下而上或自上而下的效应。结果表明，适宜的杂交栽培能在一定程度上防治病虫害，稳定作物产量。
The reduction in biodiversity owing to agricultural intensification has brought negative effects on sustainable crop production in the agro-environment. Plant diversity can help regulate insect pests; however, research that demonstrates that genotypic diversity of multiple varieties with prominent agroecological practices to suppress insect pests and benefit crop yield at agricultural landscapes is limited. To examine the effects of diversity of wheat varieties on aphids and crop productivity, we performed field experiments by designing plots of single (resistant/susceptible) and cultivar mixtures in 2018–2020. The effects of population abundance of cereal aphids (Sitobion miscanthi and Rhopalosiphum padi) and crop yield on resistant and susceptible wheat varieties and mixture of wheat cultivars were determined to reveal the most dominant mixed broadcasting mode in Kaifeng of China. The results showed that cultivar mixture significantly decreased aphid abundance compared with the single varieties (resistant/susceptible). Cultivar mixture had a higher yield compared with the single varieties (resistant/susceptible). Additionally, cultivar mixture had significantly higher thousand-grain weights than susceptible and resistant wheat varieties in 2019 and 2020. Cultivar mixture enhanced wheat yield by decreasing cereal aphids, indicating a bottom-up or top-down effect from genetic diversity to pest abundance. Our results indicated that appropriate cultivar mixtures could manage insect pests to some extent and stabilize crop yield.