Deep-sea food bonanzas: early Cenozoic whale-fall communities resemble wood-fall rather than seep communities
Deep-sea food bonanzas: early Cenozoic whale-fall communities resemble wood-fall rather than seep communities
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2006.3620
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发表时间：
2006-10-22
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Goedert, James L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kiel, Steffen;Goedert, James L.
利用化石证据探索了深海中利用鲸鱼身体和沉没的木材的无脊椎动物群落的进化史。与现代的鲸鱼坠落群落相比，EO-渐新世的例子缺乏喷口类型的分类群，这些喷口类型的类群最严重地依赖于骨脂厌氧分解产生的硫化物，但在营养结构上与同时代的森林瀑布非常相似。这让人们对鲸鱼瀑布是目前栖息在热液喷口和渗漏中的分类群的进化垫脚石的假设产生了怀疑。我们认为，这里报道的鲸鱼坠落群落代表了鲸鱼坠落的一个新的生态阶段，我们将其命名为“化学共生机会主义阶段”，现代鲸鱼坠落的“嗜硫性阶段”是在中新世早期发展起来的，这是由于在此期间鲸鱼的身体尺寸和/或骨骼中的含油量都显著增加。
The evolutionary history of invertebrate communities utilizing whale carcasses and sunken wood in the deep-sea is explored using fossil evidence. Compared to modern whale-fall communities, the Eo-Oligocene examples lack those vent-type taxa that most heavily rely on sulphide produced by anaerobic breakdown of bone lipids, but are very similar in their trophic structure to contemporaneous wood-falls. This sheds doubt on the hypothesis that whale-falls were evolutionary stepping stones for taxa that now inhabit hydrothermal vents and seeps. We suggest that the whale-fall communities reported here represent a new ecologic stage among whale-falls, which we have coined the 'chemosymbiotic opportunist stage' and that the 'sulphophilic stage' of modern whale-falls developed during the Early Miocene, resulting from a significant increase in both body size and/or oil content of bones among cetaceans during this time.