Computational Investigations of Multiword Chunks in Language Learning
Computational Investigations of Multiword Chunks in Language Learning
复制标题
语言学习中多词块的计算研究
DOI：
10.1111/tops.12258
复制
发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Morten H. Christiansen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stewart M. McCauley;Morten H. Christiansen
第二语言学习者很少能在许多语言领域达到母语水平，包括词法和句法处理。以前的方法来理解第一语言与第二语言学习的不同结果集中在认知和神经因素。相反，我们探讨的可能性，儿童和成人可能依赖于不同的语言单位在整个语言学习过程中，特别关注这些单位的粒度。根据最近的心理语言学证据的作用，多词组块在线语言处理，我们探讨的假设，儿童更严重地依赖于多词单元在语言学习比成人学习第二语言。为此，我们迈出了第一步，使用大规模的，基于语料库的计算建模作为一种工具，探索说话人的语言单位的粒度。采用语言学习的计算模型，基于组块的学习者，我们比较的有用性，基于组块的知识占第二语言学习者与儿童和成人说他们的第一语言的讲话。我们的研究结果表明，虽然多词单元可能在第二语言学习中发挥作用，但成年人可能会学习不太有用的组块，在较小程度上依赖它们，并且通过与儿童学习第一语言不同的方式获得它们。
Second-language learners rarely arrive at native proficiency in a number of linguistic domains, including morphological and syntactic processing. Previous approaches to understanding the different outcomes of first- versus second-language learning have focused on cognitive and neural factors. In contrast, we explore the possibility that children and adults may rely on different linguistic units throughout the course of language learning, with specific focus on the granularity of those units. Following recent psycholinguistic evidence for the role of multiword chunks in online language processing, we explore the hypothesis that children rely more heavily on multiword units in language learning than do adults learning a second language. To this end, we take an initial step toward using large-scale, corpus-based computational modeling as a tool for exploring the granularity of speakers' linguistic units. Employing a computational model of language learning, the Chunk-Based Learner, we compare the usefulness of chunk-based knowledge in accounting for the speech of second-language learners versus children and adults speaking their first language. Our findings suggest that while multiword units are likely to play a role in second-language learning, adults may learn less useful chunks, rely on them to a lesser extent, and arrive at them through different means than children learning a first language.