Energy Budget at ELA on Dongkemadi Glacier in the Tonggula Mts. Tibetan Plateau
Energy Budget at ELA on Dongkemadi Glacier in the Tonggula Mts. Tibetan Plateau
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发表时间：
1996
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通讯作者：
H. Yabuki
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作者：
H. Yabuki
东克玛底冰川位于唐古拉山中段，青藏高原，33°02′ N，90°02′ E，平衡线海拔5600 m左右。根据冰川ELA自动站的长时间序列观测资料，分析了该冰川的太阳辐射收支和能量平衡。观测点年平均气温为-98 ℃，年平均水汽压为2.6hPa，年平均风速为4.3m/s。每年到达冰川表面的全球辐射量约为7300 MJ/m2，但只有1/4被冰川吸收。净辐射在4月至10月为正值，其余时间为负值。潜热通量的季节变化与净辐射呈反方向变化。感热通量在四季都有明显的变化，是冰川表面重要的能量来源。融化热发生在5月至9月，但与潜热相比，融化热对热平衡的贡献较小。在冰川表面的能量收支中，传导热通量很少。夏季和冬季的能量交换水平和能量交换系数都很大。冰川上方的气温与净辐射之间有很好的关系。冰川上方气温对总辐射变化的敏感系数与总辐射和吸收辐射有较好的相关性。
Dongkemadi Glacier is located in the middle of Tanggula Mts., Tibetan Plateau, 33°02′ N, 90°02′ E, where the equilibrium line altitude is near 5 600 m a.s.l.. The solar radiation budget and energy balance were anlysed based on a long time series observation in an automatic station setted on the ELA of the glacier. At the observing point, the annaul mean air temperature is -9 8 ℃, the annual mean air vapour pressure is 2.6 hpa, and the annual wind speed is 4.3 m/s. The annual amount of global radiation that reach on the surface of the glacier is about 7 300 MJ/m 2, but only 1/4 of that is absorbed by the glacier. The net radiation is positive from April to October but negative for the rest. The latent heat flux has an opsite direction seasonal variation with net radiation. The sensible heat flux is poxitive for all seasons so that it is an important energy source for the glacier surface. The melting heat occurs from May to September but has less contribution to heat balance comparing with latent heat. The conductive heat flux is few in energy budget on the glacier surface. Both the energy exchanging level and the energy exchanging coefficient are large in summer and winter. There is a good relationship between the air temperature above the glacier and net radiation. The sensitivity coefficient of air temperature above the glacier to variation of global radiation is related well with albedo and absorbed radiation.