Modelling pest population resurgence due to recolonization of fields following an insecticide application
Modelling pest population resurgence due to recolonization of fields following an insecticide application
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模拟由于施用杀虫剂后农田重新定植而导致害虫种群复苏的情况
DOI：
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发表时间：
1998
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Holt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Trumper;J. Holt
1.将改进的Lotka-Volterra捕食-被捕食模型分为“喷洒”和“未喷洒”两个区域，研究了昆虫喷洒对作物害虫再发生的影响。
2.未喷洒地区提供了昆虫来源，使喷洒地区成为一个群落，在施用杀虫剂后，两个地区的害虫动态都发生了变化。
3.考察了模型对杀虫剂选择性、捕食率、昆虫扩散率和害虫种群增长率的敏感性。
4.喷洒区的再发生风险随害虫扩散速率的增大而增大，随捕食者扩散速率的增大而减小。
5.在未喷洒杀虫剂的地区也可能发生虫害死灰复燃，特别是在猎物扩散率低的情况下。 在某些情况下，未喷洒地区的死灰复燃程度可能比喷洒地区本身更严重。
6.捕食者的效率越高，寿命越长，在使用杀虫剂后，这两个地区的害虫死灰复燃的程度就越高。
7.选择性更强的杀虫剂杀死害虫，但不杀死捕食者，只要捕食者的平均寿命相当长，就可以减少死灰复燃。 即使是高度选择性的杀虫剂也可能导致害虫在未喷洒的地区死灰复燃。
8.当未喷洒区的猎物携带能力相对于喷洒区的猎物携带能力增加时，未喷洒区的复苏效应减少，但在某些情况下仍然可能很大。
1. To investigate the effect of insect recolonization on the insecticide-induced resurgence of crop pests, a modified Lotka–Volterra predator–prey model was partitioned into two areas, ‘sprayed’ and ‘unsprayed’.
2. The unsprayed area provided a source of insects to recolonize the sprayed area, resulting in a change in pest dynamics in both areas following an insecticide application.
3. Model sensitivity to insecticide selectivity and rates of predation, insect dispersal and pest population increase were examined.
4. Resurgence risk in the sprayed area increased with increasing pest dispersal rate, but decreased with increasing predator dispersal rate.
5. Pest resurgence could also occur in the unsprayed area, especially when prey dispersal rates were low. The extent of resurgence in the unsprayed area could in some circumstances be worse than in the sprayed area itself.
6. The more efficient and longer-lived the predators, the greater the level of pest resurgence in both areas following insecticide use.
7. More selective insecticides, killing the pest, but not the predator, reduced resurgence provided that the average life-span of the predators was reasonably long. Even highly selective insecticides could cause resurgence of the pest in the unsprayed area.
8. When the prey carrying capacity of the unsprayed area was increased relative to that of the sprayed area, resurgent effects in the unsprayed area were reduced, but could still be significant under some circumstances.