Photovoltaic solar cell technologies: analysing the state of the art
Photovoltaic solar cell technologies: analysing the state of the art
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DOI：
10.1038/s41578-019-0097-0
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发表时间：
2019-04-01
影响因子：
83.5
通讯作者：
Cahen, David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nayak, Pabitra K.;Mahesh, Suhas;Cahen, David
过去 5 年光伏 (PV) 技术的显着发展要求重新评估其性能和未来进步的潜力。在这里，我们分析了基于单晶GaAs、Si、GaInP和InP、多晶Si以及多晶CdTe和Culn(x)Ga(1-x),Se-2薄膜的电池和模块的进展。此外，我们还分析了最近出现的卤化铅钙钛矿的光伏发展，以及可持续硫属化物、有机光伏和量子点技术的显着改进。除了功率转换效率之外，我们还考虑了影响每种电池类型功率输出的许多因素，并注意到对光伏相关材料和界面的光电质量控制的改进以及新材料特性的发现。通过比较不同技术的光伏电池参数，我们评估了每种技术在不久的将来可能取得的进展。尽管无法预测准确或革命性的发展，但技术之间的交叉融合经常发生，使一种细胞类型的成就成为其他细胞类型进化发展的指标。这种知识转移是及时的，因为金属卤化物钙钛矿的发展正在帮助整合以前不同的、以技术为中心的光伏研究领域。
The remarkable development in photovoltaic (PV) technologies over the past 5 years calls for a renewed assessment of their performance and potential for future progress. Here, we analyse the progress in cells and modules based on single-crystalline GaAs, Si, GaInP and InP, multicrystalline Si as well as thin films of polycrystalline CdTe and Culn(x)Ga(1-x),Se-2. In addition, we analyse the PV developments of the more recently emerged lead halide perovskites together with notable improvements in sustainable chalcogenides, organic PVs and quantum dots technologies. In addition to power conversion efficiencies, we consider many of the factors that affect power output for each cell type and note improvements in control over the optoelectronic quality of PV-relevant materials and interfaces and the discovery of new material properties. By comparing PV cell parameters across technologies, we appraise how far each technology may progress in the near future. Although accurate or revolutionary developments cannot be predicted, cross-fertilization between technologies often occurs, making achievements in one cell type an indicator of evolutionary developments in others. This knowledge transfer is timely, as the development of metal halide perovskites is helping to unite previously disparate, technology-focused strands of PV research.