Dealing with Ex-Combatants in a Negotiated Peace Process: Impacts of Transitional Politics on the Disarmament, Demobilization and Reintegration Programme in Nepal
Dealing with Ex-Combatants in a Negotiated Peace Process: Impacts of Transitional Politics on the Disarmament, Demobilization and Reintegration Programme in Nepal
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在谈判和平进程中处理前战斗人员：过渡政治对尼泊尔解除武装、复员和重返社会方案的影响
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发表时间：
2014
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通讯作者：
D. Subedi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Subedi
本文探讨了过渡政治对尼泊尔毛派前战斗人员解除武装、复员和重返社会方案的进程和结果的影响。它表明，尼泊尔的复员方案是非常规的，因为（a）遵循在既定复员方案框架之外制定的针对具体情况的模式，（B）这是一个在没有外部干预的情况下由国家行为体领导的进程，（c）没有为民间社会和企业等非国家行为体提供参与设计和实施毛派武器和军队管理的空间。由于主要政治行为体的需求和利益相互冲突，复员方案被高度政治化，在就前战斗人员的未来达成一项决议之前，该方案被搁置了近六年。政治行为体未能促成复员方案的共同成果，和平谈判文件在前战斗人员的转业培训和重返社会进程方面缺乏明确性，以及毛派参加复员方案的政治意愿很低，这些都被确定为重大影响和改变尼泊尔复员方案的方式、职能和成果的主要政治制约因素。
This paper investigates the implications of transitional politics to the processes and outcomes of the disarmament, demobilization and reintegration (DDR) programme targeted to the Maoist ex-combatants in Nepal. It shows that the DDR programme in Nepal was unconventional because of (a) following its own context-specific model developed outside of an established DDR framework, (b) being a process led by national actors in the absence of external intervention, and (c) offering no space for non-state actors such as civil society and business to engage in designing and implementing management of the Maoist arms and armies. Highly politicized by conflicting needs and interests of key political actors, the DDR programme was stalled for nearly six years before a resolution about the future of the ex-combatants was forged. Failure of the political actors to forge a common shared outcome of the DDR programme, lack of clarity in the peace negotiation document in terms of processes of rehabilitation and integration of the ex-combatants, and minimal political will of the Maoist to participate in the DDR programme have been identified as key political constrains that have significantly implicated and altered the modality, function and outcome of the DDR programme in Nepal.