A Miscanthus plantation can be carbon neutral without increasing soil carbon stocks

A Miscanthus plantation can be carbon neutral without increasing soil carbon stocks
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芒草种植园可以在不增加土壤碳储量的情况下实现碳中和

DOI:
10.1111/gcbb.12397
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发表时间:
2016
期刊:
影响因子:
5.6
通讯作者:
Robertson A
Robertson A
中科院分区:
工程技术2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Robertson A

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各国政府和国际组织认为,来自芒草等作物的生物能源在减少温室气体排放和应对气候变化方面发挥着重要作用。在这项研究中,我们提出了三个目标,旨在减少英国商业Misericusplantations减缓气候变化潜力的不确定性:通过四年的平行测量,研究土壤温度和湿度作为土壤温室气体排放的潜在驱动因素,(二)通过定期测量表土(0-30厘米)碳和表层凋落物层,量化与土壤固存有关的碳(C)动态;使用特定地点的测量方法计算生命周期GHG预算,从而将用于发电的沼气的GHG强度与煤炭和天然气进行比较。我们的研究结果表明,甲烷(CH 4)和一氧化二氮(N2 O)的排放量贡献不大的整体温室气体收支ofMiscanthus,而土壤呼吸抵消了30%的作物的净地上碳吸收。土壤呼吸的温度敏感性在作物生长期最高,冬季最低。我们没有观察到显着的变化,表层土壤碳或氮储量7年的Misericusculture。不过,枯枝落叶层的深度确实显著增加,6年后稳定在每公顷约7吨干生物量。这种作物从摇篮到农场的温室气体排放预算表明,尽管土壤中没有可检测到的碳固存,但从大气中净清除了24.5吨CO2当量ha− 1 yr − 1。当按比例考虑整个生命周期时,与煤炭和天然气相比,Miscubus表现得非常好,这表明每千瓦时产生的二氧化碳抵消量相当大。虽然这种比较没有考虑到所产生的能量对土地面积的要求,但用于发电的沼气即使在传统的蒸汽涡轮机发电厂燃烧,也可以对减缓气候变化作出重大贡献。
National governments and international organizations perceive bioenergy, from crops such asMiscanthus, to have an important role in mitigating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and combating climate change. In this research, we address three objectives aimed at reducing uncertainty regarding the climate change mitigation potential of commercialMiscanthusplantations in the United Kingdom: (i) to examine soil temperature and moisture as potential drivers of soil GHG emissions through four years of parallel measurements, (ii) to quantify carbon (C) dynamics associated with soil sequestration using regular measurements of topsoil (0–30 cm) C and the surface litter layer and (iii) to calculate a life cycle GHG budget using site‐specific measurements, enabling the GHG intensity ofMiscanthusused for electricity generation to be compared against coal and natural gas. Our results show that methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions contributed little to the overall GHG budget ofMiscanthus, while soil respiration offset 30% of the crop's net aboveground C uptake. Temperature sensitivity of soil respiration was highest during crop growth and lowest during winter months. We observed no significant change in topsoil C or nitrogen stocks following 7 years ofMiscanthuscultivation. The depth of litter did, however, increase significantly, stabilizing at approximately 7 tonnes dry biomass per hectare after 6 years. The cradle‐to‐farm gate GHG budget of this crop indicated a net removal of 24.5 t CO2‐eq ha−1yr−1from the atmosphere despite no detectable C sequestration in soils. When scaled up to consider the full life cycle,Miscanthusfared very well in comparison with coal and natural gas, suggesting considerable CO2offsetting per kWh generated. Although the comparison does not account for the land area requirements of the energy generated,Miscanthusused for electricity generation can make a significant contribution to climate change mitigation even when combusted in conventional steam turbine power plants.
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