Patterns of sexual behaviour in a rural population in north-western Tanzania
Patterns of sexual behaviour in a rural population in north-western Tanzania
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DOI：
10.1016/s0277-9536(97)00014-2
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发表时间：
1997-05-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Hayes, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Munguti, K;Grosskurth, H;Hayes, R
撒哈拉以南非洲艾滋病毒流行的特点是异性传播占主导地位。性行为模式与该流行病的蔓延有关，但关于非洲农村人口性行为的数量数据很少。本文报告了从坦桑尼亚姆万扎地区12个农村社区随机选择的1117名15-54岁成年人的调查数据。初次性行为发生得很早，50%的女性和46%的男性在16岁之前报告了第一次性行为。平均而言，女性在初次性行为后结婚1.8年，男性6.1年。在妇女中，初次性行为的年龄似乎随着时间的推移而增加，与初婚年龄的增加平行。男子一般较晚结婚，与比自己小5至10岁的女子结婚。婚姻解体和再婚在两性中都很常见。报告的性伴侣数量与英国人口调查的记录进行了比较。在农村地区的姆万扎（48%和29%），比英国（24%和6%）有更多的男性报告说他们有10个或更多的终身伴侣，或者在过去的一年里有3个或更多的伴侣。女性报告的伴侣较少，结果与英国的数据大致相似。在过去的一年里，53%的男性和15%的女性报告了随意的性行为，但只有2%的男性报告与酒吧女孩或商业性工作者发生性接触。只有20%的男性和3%的女性使用过避孕套。需要采取干预措施，减少农村人口中频繁更换性伴侣和随意性行为以及避孕套使用率低的现象。在农村地区，针对传统的“核心群体”采取干预措施的价值可能有限，需要采取额外的战略，特别注重艾滋病毒和其他性传播疾病高危青少年。(C)1997 Elsevier Science Ltd.
The HIV epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa has been characterised by the predominance of heterosexual transmission. Patterns of sexual behaviour have been implicated in the spread of the epidemic, but few quantitative data are available on sexual behaviour in rural populations in Africa. This paper reports data from a survey of 1117 adults aged 15-54 years selected randomly from twelve rural communities in Mwanza Region, Tanzania. Sexual debut occurred early, 50% of women and 46% of men reporting first sex before age 16. On average, women married 1.8 years and men 6.1 years after their sexual debut. In women, age at sexual debut appears to have increased over time, in parallel with an increase in age at first marriage. Men were generally married later, to women around five to ten years younger than themselves. Marital dissolution and remarriage were common in both sexes. Reported numbers of sexual partners were compared with those recorded in a population survey in Britain. More men reported 10 or more lifetime partners, or three or more partners in the past year, in rural Mwanza (48% and 29%) than in Britain (24% and 6%). Women reported fewer partners, and results were broadly similar to British data. Casual sex during the past year was reported by 53% of the men and 15% of the women, but only 2% of men reported sexual contact with bar girls or commercial sex workers. Only 20% of men and 3% of women had ever used a condom. Interventions are needed to reduce the high levels of sexual partner change and casual sex, and low levels of condom use, recorded in this rural population. Targeting of interventions to traditional ''core groups'' may be of limited value in rural areas, and additional strategies are needed, focusing particularly on teenagers who are at high risk of HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd.