Environmental and socioeconomic correlates of extinction risk in endemic species
Environmental and socioeconomic correlates of extinction risk in endemic species
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DOI：
10.1111/ddi.13438
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发表时间：
2021-11-09
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
van Kleunen, Mark
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pouteau, Robin;Brunel, Caroline;van Kleunen, Mark
目的目前我们对全球物种灭绝风险原因的认识主要来自于IUCN濒危物种红色名录中基于专家知识的“威胁分类方案”。基于这一数据集的研究得出了关于物种威胁的相对重要性的不同结论，这取决于考虑了哪些分类组和灭绝风险水平，以及使用了哪个版本的数据库。一个关键原因可能在于数据限制，因为造成威胁的原因对于有魅力和经过充分研究的物种是众所周知的，但对于大多数被评估的物种来说并非如此。在这里，我们的目标是通过关注特有物种来填补目前关于全球灭绝风险驱动因素重要性的知识空白。全球定位。方法我们通过一系列关于人为压力、缓解措施和数据限制的空间显性信息，检验了全球受威胁和灭绝的特有物种比例(威胁指数，IoT)在国家一级的变化。结果物联网符合几种人为压力，不同王国、不同生命形式、不同灭绝风险水平和不同地理位置存在显著差异。在国内生产总值较高和入侵物种较多的国家，植物物联网较高，特别是具有中等灭绝风险的热带木本植物。此外，在GDP较高和无道路区域较小的国家，动物物联网，特别是热带哺乳动物和中等灭绝风险的无脊椎动物，物联网更高。主要结论：特有物种的灭绝危机与潜在驱动因素的复杂网络有关，需要在保护政策和实践中统一考虑。尽管我们的结果需要仔细的解释，并对数据限制保持敏感，但我们鼓励进行较小规模的类似研究，以更高的分辨率确定灭绝风险的潜在驱动因素，特别是在物种评估一直在进行的地区，或对压力反应时间一致的生物。
Aim Our current understanding of the causes of global extinction risk is mostly informed by the expert knowledge-based "threats classification scheme" of the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Studies based on this dataset came to different conclusions about the relative importance of threats to species, depending on which taxonomic groups and levels of extinction risk were considered, and which version of the database was used. A key reason may lie in data limitations as causes of threat are well known for charismatic and well-studied species, but not for the majority of species assessed. Here, we aim to fill current knowledge gaps about the importance of drivers of global extinction risks by focusing on endemic species. Location Global. Methods We examined country-level variation in the proportion of globally threatened and extinct endemic species (Index of Threat, IoT) with a range of spatially explicit information about anthropogenic pressures, mitigation measures and data limitations. Results IoT coincided with several anthropogenic pressures, with substantial differences among kingdoms, life-forms, levels of extinction risk and geographic locations. IoT of plants, particularly tropical woody plants of moderate extinction risk, was higher in countries with higher GDP and more invasive species. Furthermore, IoT of animals, particularly tropical mammals and invertebrates of moderate extinction risk, was higher in countries with higher GDP and smaller roadless areas. Main conclusions The extinction crisis for endemic species is associated with a complex network of potential drivers that need to be considered in concert in conservation policy and practice. Although our results require careful interpretation and remain sensitive to data limitations, we encourage similar studies at smaller scales to identify potential drivers of extinction risk at a higher resolution, particularly in regions where species assessments have been conducted consistently or on organisms with a uniform response time to pressures.