Gender Differences in the Cognitive Vulnerability-Stress Model of Depression in the Transition to Adolescence
Gender Differences in the Cognitive Vulnerability-Stress Model of Depression in the Transition to Adolescence
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DOI：
10.1007/s10608-009-9281-7
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发表时间：
2010-12-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Hyde, Janet Shibley
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mezulis, Amy H.;Funasaki, Kristyn S.;Hyde, Janet Shibley
本研究旨在探讨抑郁症的认知能力-压力模型是否有助于我们理解青春期抑郁症的性别差异。具体而言，我们研究了暴露，认知疤痕和压力生成模型的背景下，抑郁症状，认知风格和压力的新兴性别差异。我们还研究了性别是否会调节认知能力-压力对抑郁症的影响。参与者是来自社区样本的366名青少年，他们在11岁，13岁和15岁时完成了抑郁症状，压力和消极认知方式的测量。采用多水平模型和结构方程模型对数据进行纵向分析。结果表明，抑郁症状的性别差异先于认知脆弱性和应激性生活事件的性别差异出现;抑郁症状显著介导认知方式和依赖性人际应激的性别差异。性别也调节了认知能力-压力模型的几个组成部分。随着时间的推移，女孩表现出更强的压力和抑郁之间的联系，认知能力-压力相互作用在预测女孩而不是男孩的抑郁轨迹方面具有重要意义。
This study examined whether the cognitive vulnerability-stress model of depression may contribute to our understanding of the gender difference in depression in adolescence. Specifically, we examined emergent gender differences in depressive symptoms, cognitive style, and stress in the context of exposure, cognitive scar, and stress generation models. We also examined whether gender moderated the cognitive vulnerability-stress effects on depression. Participants were 366 youth from a community sample who completed measures of depressive symptoms, stress, and negative cognitive style at ages 11, 13, and 15. Data were analyzed longitudinally using multi-level modeling and structural equation modeling. Results indicated that gender differences in depressive symptoms emerged prior to gender differences in cognitive vulnerability and stressful life events; depressive symptoms significantly mediated the emergent gender difference in cognitive style and dependent interpersonal stress. Gender also moderated several components of the cognitive vulnerability-stress model. Girls showed stronger associations between stress and depression over time, and the cognitive vulnerability-stress interaction was significant in predicting girls' but not boys' depression trajectories.