County-level vaccination coverage and rates of COVID-19 cases and deaths in the United States: An ecological analysis.
County-level vaccination coverage and rates of COVID-19 cases and deaths in the United States: An ecological analysis.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.lana.2022.100191
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发表时间：
2022-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Jodar L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McLaughlin JM;Khan F;Pugh S;Swerdlow DL;Jodar L
2020年12月14日，美国启动了全国范围的COVID-19疫苗接种活动。证明疫苗引入后明确的人群水平影响有助于进一步阐明和量化疫苗接种的公共卫生效益。我们使用负二项回归模型评估了2021年4月1日至2021年10月31日期间美国县级COVID-19疫苗接种与COVID-19病例和死亡率之间的生态关联，并控制了广泛的县级环境、社会人口、经济和健康状况相关特征。县一级的数据是从几个公开的数据库中获得的，这些数据库被合并起来进行分析。在对县级特征进行调整后，与覆盖率<50%的县（参考组）相比，≥ 80%的12岁以上居民完全接种COVID-19疫苗的美国县的COVID-19病例和死亡率分别低30%（95% CI：25−35; P <.001）和46%（38−52; P < .001）。观察到剂量反应：接受率为70 - 79%的县有20%（95% CI：16−24; P < .001）和35%（29 - 40; P < .001）病例率和死亡率分别较低;接种率为60 - 69%的县有8%（5 - 11; P < .001）和20%（15 - 24; P < .001）的比率降低; 50 - 59%的县的比率降低了2%（0 - 4; P =.09）和8%（4 - 12; P < .001）。将分析限制在Delta变体占主导地位的时期（2021年6月1日至2021年10月31日），也显示了类似的结果。我们的研究结果表明，在美国，年龄≥ 12岁的人完全接种COVID-19疫苗的比例较高的县，COVID-19病例和死亡率显著降低-这一发现显示出剂量反应，即使在Delta占主导地位的时期也持续存在。辉瑞制药
On Dec 14, 2020, the United States initiated a nationwide COVID-19 vaccination campaign. Demonstrating clear population-level impact following vaccine introduction helps to further elucidate and quantify the public-health benefits of vaccination. Using a negative binomial regression model we evaluated the ecological association between county-level COVID-19 vaccine uptake and rates of COVID-19 cases and deaths in the United States from April 1, 2021 through October 31, 2021 controlling for a broad set of county-level environmental, sociodemographic, economic, and health-status-related characteristics. County-level data were obtained from several publicly available databases that were merged for analysis. After adjustment for county-level characteristics, US counties with ≥ 80% of their residents ≥ 12 years of age fully vaccinated against COVID-19 had 30% (95% CI: 25−35; P < .001) and 46% (38−52; P < .001) lower rates of COVID-19 cases and deaths, respectively, versus those with <50% coverage (reference group). A dose response was observed: counties with 70−79% uptake had 20% (95% CI: 16−24; P < .001) and 35% (29−40; P < .001) lower rates of cases and deaths, respectively; counties with 60−69% uptake had 8% (5−11; P < .001) and 20% (15−24; P < .001) lower rates; and counties with 50−59% uptake had 2% (0−4; P =.09) and 8% (4−12; P < .001) lower rates. Restricting the analysis to the period when the Delta variant was predominant (June 1, 2021 ‒ October 31, 2021) showed similar findings. Our results showed that US counties with higher proportions of persons ≥ 12 years of age fully vaccinated against COVID-19 had substantially lower rates of COVID-19 cases and deaths—a finding that showed dose response and persisted even in the period when Delta was predominant. Pfizer.
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发表时间：
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影响因子：
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