Chronic contact with realistic soil concentrations of imidacloprid affects the mass, immature development speed, and adult longevity of solitary bees
Chronic contact with realistic soil concentrations of imidacloprid affects the mass, immature development speed, and adult longevity of solitary bees
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-019-40031-9
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发表时间：
2019-03-06
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Harmon-Threatt, Alexandra N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Anderson, Nicholas L.;Harmon-Threatt, Alexandra N.
农药的非目标效应是一个日益令人关注的领域，特别是对蜜蜂等生态和经济上重要的生物。许多关于类烟碱（一种因非目标效应而引起关注的杀虫剂）对蜜蜂影响的先前研究都集中在有限数量的真社会性物种对受污染食物资源的消耗上。然而，已知类烟碱类化合物在土壤中的积累和持续存在的浓度是食物资源中的2至60倍，可能是多种具有生态重要性的地面筑巢蜜蜂的重要暴露途径。本研究的目的是评估长期接触暴露于现实土壤浓度的吡虫啉，最广泛使用的类烟碱杀虫剂，蜜蜂寿命，发展速度和体重的影响。队列壁蜂lignaria和切叶蜂rotundata被用作地面筑巢物种的代理。我们观察到物种和性别特异性的变化，成虫寿命，发展速度和质量的浓度增加的吡虫啉。这些结果表明，长期暴露于被类烟碱污染的筑巢基质可能是一种重要的暴露途径，可能对蜜蜂和植物-传粉者相互作用产生相当大的生理和生态后果。
The non-target effects of pesticides are an area of growing concern, particularly for ecologically and economically important organisms such as bees. Much of the previous research on the effects of neonicotinoids, a class of insecticide that has gained attention for non-target effects, on bees focused on the consumption of contaminated food resources by a limited number of eusocial species. However, neonicotinoids are known to accumulate and persist in soils at concentrations 2 to 60 times greater than in food resources, and may represent an important route of exposure for diverse and ecologically important ground-nesting bees. This study aimed to assess the effect of chronic contact exposure to realistic soil concentrations of imidacloprid, the most widely used neonicotinoid pesticide, on bee longevity, development speed, and body mass. Cohorts of Osmia lignaria and Megachile rotundata were used as proxies for ground-nesting species. We observed species- and sex-specific changes to adult longevity, development speed, and mass in response to increasing concentrations of imidacloprid. These results suggest that chronic exposure to nesting substrates contaminated with neonicotinoids may represent an important route of exposure that could have considerable physiological and ecological consequences for bees and plant-pollinator interactions.