The house mouse: a model and motor for evolutionary understanding
The house mouse: a model and motor for evolutionary understanding
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1095-8312.2005.00438.x
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发表时间：
2005-03-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Scriven, PN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Berry, RJ;Scriven, PN
同居家鼠从其可能的起源地印度北部开始传播，分化成许多形式，被描述为种、半种或亚种。不同的分类群可以在一起繁殖并交换基因，但它们保留了各自的独特性（尽管日本的小家鼠似乎是小家鼠与小家鼠之间完全融合的结果）。（m.）musculus和M.（m.）castaneus）。最常见的形式是M。（M.）虽然其他小鼠基因组的贡献各不相同，但它已经成功地在每个大陆上殖民。它也被驯化为实验室小鼠。这意味着相同的基因组暴露在各种各样的环境中，并为探索不同进化机制的运作提供了巨大的机会。从达尔文早期开始，老鼠就伴随着进化的理解--证实了孟德尔比率，并表明它们适用于哺乳动物，提供了进化速率的数据，并代表了优势修改、差异生存、竞争和其他生存斗争指标的例子。然而，他们有一个未实现的潜力，以推动以及阐明进化理论-通过揭示更多的，例如，基因流动和社会决定因素之间的相互作用，对基因渗入和生理调整的约束。这种潜力可以通过我们对基因组和分子机制的不断深入的了解以及新技术的应用来探索，但其最有效的代理人将永远是朱利安赫胥黎，查尔斯埃尔顿和路易斯泰勒等有远见的科学家的跨学科协同作用。(c)2005年，伦敦林奈学会。
Commensal house mice have spread from their probable origin in north India, differentiating into a number of forms described variously as species, semispecies or subspecies. The different taxa can breed together and exchange genes but they retain their distinctiveness (although Mus (musculus) molossinus of Japan seems to be the result of a complete fusion between M. (m.) musculus and M. (m.) castaneus). The most widespread form is M. (M.) domesticus, which has successfully colonized every continent as a commensal, albeit with varying contributions from other Mus genomes. It has also been domesticated as the laboratory mouse. This means that the same genome is exposed to a wide variety of environments and gives tremendous opportunities for exploring the operation of different evolutionary mechanisms. Mice have accompanied evolutionary understanding from early Darwinian days - confirming Mendelian ratios and showing they applied in mammals, providing data on rates of evolution, and representing examples of dominance modification, differential survival, competition and other indicators of a struggle for existence. However, they have an unfulfilled potential to drive as well as to illuminate evolutionary theory - by revealing more about, for example, the interactions between gene flow and social determinants, constraints on introgression and physiological adjustments. This potential can be explored through our ever-deepening knowledge of the genome and molecular mechanisms, and by the application of new techniques, but its most effective agent will always be the cross-disciplinary synergy of visionary scientists like Julian Huxley, Charles Elton and Louis Thaler. (c) 2005 The Linnean Society of London.