Are Happiness and Unhappiness Two Sides of the Same Coin?
Are Happiness and Unhappiness Two Sides of the Same Coin?
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幸福和不幸福是同一枚硬币的两面吗？
DOI：
10.11218/ojjams.32.49
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Carola Hommerich
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jun Kobayashi;Carola Hommerich
在蓬勃发展的主观幸福感研究领域，幸福和不幸福迄今为止被视为一个连续体的两端，两者的原因和机制是相同的。然而，这并不是不言自明的。我们在这里使用SSP 2015调查数据来调查幸福和不幸福是否具有相同的决定因素。为此，我们将受访者分为三个幸福组：“比平均水平更快乐”，“平均水平”和“比平均水平更不快乐”。我们进行了多项逻辑回归分析，以理清教育对幸福水平的影响。我们的研究结果表明：（1）更多的教育促进了不快乐的人的幸福感。然而，与此同时，我们发现（2）教育的增加降低了幸福的人的幸福感。这意味着教育对幸福的影响绝不是直接的，而是根据幸福水平而产生相反的影响。这支持了我们的假设，即一些决定因素对不同的幸福水平有不同的影响。这也意味着，幸福和不幸福的人不能以同样的方式提高主观幸福感。因此，幸福和不幸福并不是同一枚硬币的两面。
Within the booming field of research on subjective well-being, happiness and unhappiness have so far been treated as two ends of a continuum with causes and mechanisms being the same for both. Still, this is not self-evident. We here use the SSP2015 survey data to investigate whether happiness and unhappiness have the same determinants. To do so, we classify the respondents into three well-being groups: the “happier than average,” the “average,” and the “less happy than average.” We conduct a multinomial logistic regression analysis to disentangle the effects of education depending on the level of happiness. Our results imply that (1) more education promotes happiness of unhappy people. At the same time, however, we find that (2) an increase in education reduces the happiness of happy people. This means that the impact of education on happiness is by no means straightforward, but that it can have opposing effects depending on the happiness level. This supports our hypothesis that some determinants have different effects on different happiness levels. It also implies that an enhancement of subjective well-being cannot be achieved in the same way for happy and unhappy people. Therefore, happiness and unhappiness turn out not to be two sides of the same coin.