The underlying basis for obesity: Relationship to cancer
The underlying basis for obesity: Relationship to cancer
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DOI：
10.1093/jn/132.11.3451s
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发表时间：
2002-11-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Bray, GA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bray, GA
癌症风险增加是肥胖的后果之一。与肥胖相关的主要癌症具有激素基础，包括乳腺癌、前列腺癌、子宫内膜癌、结肠癌和胆囊癌。随着对肥胖问题认识的深入，关于肥胖与癌症的关系出现了许多新的观点。肾上腺分泌的雄烯二酮通过脂肪组织间质中的芳香化酶转化为雌酮，为绝经后妇女提供了重要的雌激素来源。这种雌激素可能在子宫内膜癌和乳腺癌的发展中起重要作用。有趣的是，缺乏芳香化酶或雌激素受体a的实验动物是肥胖的。瘦素是由脂肪细胞产生的许多产物之一，并且引起了脂肪细胞是内分泌细胞和脂肪组织是内分泌器官的想法。从该组织释放的细胞因子增加可能在与肥胖相关的炎症状态中起作用。肠道在响应食物摄入的饱腹感信号中也起着重要作用。结肠癌是一种重要的人类疾病，缺乏胃泌素的实验小鼠肥胖，对致癌药物的反应增加了患结肠癌的风险。通过预防策略和治疗来控制肥胖的努力有望在降低癌症风险方面获益。
An increase in the risk of cancer is one of the consequences of obesity. The predominant cancers associated with obesity have a hormonal base and include breast, prostate, endometrium, colon and gallbladder cancers. As the basis for understanding the problem of obesity has advanced, a number of new ideas have emerged about the relationship of obesity to cancer. The conversion of androstenedione secreted by the adrenal gland into estrone by aromatase in adipose tissue stroma provides an important source of estrogen for the postmenopausal woman. This estrogen may play an important role in the development of endometrial and breast cancer. Of interest is that experimental animals lacking aromatase or the estrogen receptor a are obese. Leptin is one of the many products produced by fat cells and has given rise to the ideas that the fat cell is an endocrine cell and that adipose tissue is an endocrine organ. The increased release of cytokines from this tissue may play a role in the inflammatory state that is associated with obesity. The gut also plays an important role in signaling satiety in response to food intake. Colon cancer is an important human disease, and experimental mice lacking gastrin are obese and have an increased risk of developing colon cancer in response to carcinogenic drugs. Efforts to control obesity through preventive strategies and treatment can be expected to have a benefit in reducing the risk of cancer.