Cooperative prey herding by the pelagic dolphin, Stenella longirostris
Cooperative prey herding by the pelagic dolphin, Stenella longirostris
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DOI：
10.1121/1.2967480
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Au, Whitlow W. L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Benoit-Bird, Kelly J.;Au, Whitlow W. L.
声纳技术被用来定量观察觅食的捕食者和他们的猎物同时在三维空间。飞旋海豚在夜间以16-28人的高度协调的群体觅食，使用严格的四维模式将猎物密度增加200倍。放牧利用猎物自身的回避行为来达到否则观察不到的食物密度。然后成对的海豚轮流在形成的聚集体中进食。使用代理估计的喂养成功，据估计，每只海豚在音乐会上工作有更多的机会获得猎物比单独喂养，尽管成本参与组演习，支持合作假说。捕食的猎物密度阈值的证据表明，来自环境的反馈可能足以促进合作的进化。觅食的飞旋海豚，非常严格的几何形状，紧凑的时间，有序的轮流，显示出显着的协调程度，这一战略所赋予的优势和它的约束条件，这种行为的一致外观表明，这可能是一个关键的战略能源收购的飞旋海豚在热带太平洋的能源贫乏的无特征的环境。
Sonar techniques were used to quantitatively observe foraging predators and their prey simultaneously in three dimensions. Spinner dolphins foraged at night in highly coordinated groups of 16-28 individuals using strict four-dimensional patterns to increase prey density by up to 200 times. Herding exploited the prey's own avoidance behavior to achieve food densities not observed otherwise. Pairs of dolphins then took turns feeding within the aggregation that was created. Using a proxy estimate of feeding success, it is estimated that each dolphin working in concert has more access to prey than it would if feeding individually, despite the costs of participating in the group maneuvers, supporting the cooperation hypothesis. Evidence of a prey density threshold for feeding suggests that feedback from the environment may be enough to favor the evolution of cooperation. The remarkable degree of coordination shown by foraging spinner dolphins, the very strict geometry, tight timing, and orderly turn taking, indicates the advantage conferred by this strategy and the constraints placed upon it. The consistent appearance of this behavior suggests that it may be a critical strategy for energy acquisition by spinner dolphins in energy poor featureless environments in the tropical Pacific Ocean.