Transplantation of nucleus basalis magnocellularis cholinergic neurons into the cholinergic-depleted cerebral cortex. Morphological and behavioral effects.
Transplantation of nucleus basalis magnocellularis cholinergic neurons into the cholinergic-depleted cerebral cortex. Morphological and behavioral effects.
复制标题
将大细胞基底核胆碱能神经元移植到胆碱能耗尽的大脑皮层中。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1749-6632.1987.tb23692.x
复制
发表时间：
1987
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Mouton,PR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Arendash,GW;Mouton,PR
中枢神经系统胆碱能功能障碍在阿尔茨海默型老年性痴呆(SDAT)严重记忆缺陷中的基础作用已被明确确立。在这方面，一直观察到SDAT大脑皮质内胆碱乙酰转移酶(ChAT)和乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)活性显著降低。由于新皮质的胆碱能神经支配的主要来源是基底前脑内的Meynert基底核(NBM)，而且SDAT患者的大脑以NBM内胆碱能神经元的变性或萎缩为特征，5-7，有人认为SDAT的皮质胆碱能功能减退和记忆缺陷在很大程度上可能是由于退行性/功能障碍的“NBM-皮质”胆碱能途径。事实上，一些证据表明，皮质胆碱能终末的退行性变化与神经炎斑块的发病有关，而神经炎斑块是SDAT的神经病理标志。进一步强调NBM-皮质胆碱能途径的重要性是最近发现SDAT患者NBM内的细胞死亡、他们的痴呆程度和尸检时新皮质神经炎斑块密度之间的相关性。因此，构成这条中枢神经系统胆碱能途径的神经元的死亡或功能障碍在SDAT的发病机制和症状中可能是至关重要的。
A fundamental role for central nervous system cholinergic dysfunction in the severe memory deficits characteristic of senile dementia of the Alzheimer’s type (SDAT) has been clearly established. In this regard, marked reductions in choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities within the cortex of SDAT brains have been consistently observed. Since the principal source of cholinergic innervation to the neocortex is the nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM) within the basal forebrain and since the brains of SDAT patients are characterized by a degeneration or atrophy of such cholinergic neurons within the NBM, 5-7 it has been suggested that the cortical cholinergic hypofunction and memory deficiencies of SDAT may be due, in large part, to a degenerative/dysfunctional “NBM-to-cortex” cholinergic pathway. Indeed, some evidence indicates that degenerative changes in cortical cholinergic terminals are involved in the pathogenesis of neuritic plaques,* which constitute a neuropathological marker for SDAT. Further emphasizing the importance of the NBM-to-cortex cholinergic pathway are recently discovered correlations between cell death within the NBM of SDAT patients, the degree of their dementia, and the density of neuritic plaques in the neocortex at autopsy.’Thus, the death or dysfunction of neurons constituting this central nervous system cholinergic pathway may be of critical importance in the pathogenesis and symptomology of SDAT.