Trends in the prevalence of psychological distress and the use of mental health services from 2007 to 2016 in Japan
Trends in the prevalence of psychological distress and the use of mental health services from 2007 to 2016 in Japan
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jad.2018.07.016
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发表时间：
2018-10-15
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Yamanouchi, Yoshio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nishi, Daisuke;Susukida, Ryoko;Yamanouchi, Yoshio
背景资料：近年来日本心理困扰的趋势和心理健康服务的使用情况知之甚少。这项研究调查了成年人中严重和中度心理困扰的趋势以及心理健康服务的使用情况根据2007年、2010年、2013年和2016年的《日本生活状况综合调查》（合计N = 2，159，005，所有调查年份的总和）。我们将Kessler心理痛苦量表（K6）评分≥ 13分定义为重度痛苦，K6评分在5至12分之间定义为中度痛苦。结果：与2007年相比，2016年重度抑郁者比例略有上升（4.01%~ 4.15%，p = 0.02），中度抑郁者比例基本保持不变（24.61%~ 24.69%，p = 0.61）。重度和中度抑郁患者的心理卫生服务利用率在10年内均稳步上升（11.95%~ 15.76%，p < 0.01）和（2.60%~ 3.56%，p < 0.01）。2016年，25-29岁女性的严重抑郁患病率在所有年龄组中最高，尽管该年龄组的女性使用心理健康服务的比例并不特别高。局限性：数据的横截面性质不允许我们检查心理困扰和使用心理健康服务之间的因果关系。结论：尽管观察到使用心理健康服务的人数增加，但心理困扰的发生率略有增加。有必要开展进一步研究，以确定治疗差距的来源，特别是对弱势人口亚组而言。
Background: Little is known regarding trends of psychological distress and use of mental health services in Japan during recent years.Methods: This study examined trends in severe and moderate psychological distress and the use of mental health services among adults (>= 18 years old), using the Comprehensive Survey of Living Conditions in Japan from 2007, 2010, 2013, and 2016 (Total N = 2,159,005, all survey years combined). We defined a score of >= 13 on Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6) as severe distress and a K6 score between 5 and 12 as moderate distress. Age-and sex-specific trends of psychological distress and the use of mental health services were also examined.Results: As compared with 2007, those with severe distress slightly increased in 2016 (4.01%-4.15%, p = 0.02) while those with moderate distress remained mostly unchanged (24.61%-24.69%, p = 0.61). The use of mental health services steadily increased in this decade for both with severe distress (11.95%-15.76%, p < 0.01) and with moderate distress (2.60%-3.56%, p < 0.01). The prevalence of severe distress among women aged 25-29 years old was highest in 2016 among all the age groups although the use of mental health services was not particularly high among women in this age group.Limitations: Cross-sectional nature of the data did not allow us to examine the causal relationship between psychological distress and the use of mental health services.Conclusions: In spite of an observed increase in the use of mental health services, the prevalence of psychological distress slightly increased. Further studies are necessary to identify sources of treatment gap especially for vulnerable demographic subgroups.