Open-loop (feed-forward) and feedback control of coronary blood flow during exercise, cardiac pacing, and pressure changes.
Open-loop (feed-forward) and feedback control of coronary blood flow during exercise, cardiac pacing, and pressure changes.
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运动、心脏起搏和压力变化期间冠状动脉血流的开环（前馈）和反馈控制。
DOI：
10.1152/ajpheart.00663.2015
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Beard,DanielA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Pradhan,RanjanK;Feigl,EricO;Gorman,MarkW;Brengelmann,GeorgeL;Beard,DanielA
开发了一个控制系统模型，以分析体内冠状动脉血流调节的数据，并探讨不同的机制如何协同工作，以控制冠状动脉血流从休息到运动，并在各种实验条件下，包括心脏起搏和冠状动脉压力的变化（自动调节）。在该模型中，冠状动脉流量由反馈通路信号的组合作用确定，该反馈通路信号由冠状动脉静脉血中的血浆ATP水平、随运动增加的肾上腺素能开环（前馈）信号以及压力介导的肌源性控制的贡献确定。该模型是根据运动实验的数据确定的，在运动实验中，在对照和肾上腺素能和嘌呤能受体阻滞条件下测量心肌氧摄取、冠状动脉流量、心脏间质去甲肾上腺素浓度以及动脉和冠状静脉血浆ATP浓度。所确定的模型被用来量化开环和反馈通路的相对贡献，并说明在控制冠状动脉流量的冗余程度。结果表明，肾上腺素能开环控制组件是负责大部分的冠状动脉血流量增加，发生在高水平的运动。然而，腺嘌呤核苷酸介导的代谢反馈控制组件是必不可少的。通过预测心脏起搏和自动调节实验中的冠状动脉流量，对模型进行了评价，并与数据进行了合理拟合。分析表明，冠状静脉血浆腺嘌呤核苷酸是冠状动脉血流局部代谢反馈控制中的信号的模型与现有数据一致。
A control system model was developed to analyze data on in vivo coronary blood flow regulation and to probe how different mechanisms work together to control coronary flow from rest to exercise, and under a variety of experimental conditions, including cardiac pacing and with changes in coronary arterial pressure (autoregulation). In the model coronary flow is determined by the combined action of a feedback pathway signal that is determined by the level of plasma ATP in coronary venous blood, an adrenergic open-loop (feed-forward) signal that increases with exercise, and a contribution of pressure-mediated myogenic control. The model was identified based on data from exercise experiments where myocardial oxygen extraction, coronary flow, cardiac interstitial norepinephrine concentration, and arterial and coronary venous plasma ATP concentrations were measured during control and during adrenergic and purinergic receptor blockade conditions. The identified model was used to quantify the relative contributions of open-loop and feedback pathways and to illustrate the degree of redundancy in the control of coronary flow. The results indicate that the adrenergic open-loop control component is responsible for most of the increase in coronary blood flow that occurs during high levels of exercise. However, the adenine nucleotide-mediated metabolic feedback control component is essential. The model was evaluated by predicting coronary flow in cardiac pacing and autoregulation experiments with reasonable fits to the data. The analysis shows that a model in which coronary venous plasma adenine nucleotides are a signal in local metabolic feedback control of coronary flow is consistent with the available data.