Vaccine Development for Cytomegalovirus
Vaccine Development for Cytomegalovirus
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DOI：
10.1007/978-981-10-7230-7_13
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Yamada，Souichi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Inoue，Naoki;Abe，Mao;Yamada，Souichi
巨细胞病毒（CMV）疫苗的发展已成为一个重中之重，由于其潜在的成本效益和相关的公共卫生效益。然而，疫苗开发面临许多挑战，包括：（1）CMV具有许多逃避免疫应答的机制 （2）CMV的免疫保护机制尚不明确;（3）CMV宿主范围狭窄限制了CMV动物模型的应用价值;（4）胎盘是一个短暂形成的特化器官，其免疫状态随时间而变化。尽管存在这些局限性，但几种类型的CMV疫苗候选物，包括减毒活疫苗、DISC疫苗、 亚单位疫苗、DNA疫苗、载体疫苗和肽疫苗已经开发或目前正在开发中。五聚体复合物的识别 作为主要的中和靶点和鉴定阻断病毒免疫应答逃避机制的各种策略为CMV疫苗开发开辟了新的途径。在这里，我们讨论了保护的免疫相关性，各种候选疫苗及其临床试验的特点，以及相关的动物模型。
The development of a cytomegalovirus (CMV) vaccine has become a top priority due to its potential cost-effectiveness and associated public health benefits. However, there are a number of challenges facing vaccine development including the following: (1) CMV has many mechanisms for evading immune responses , and natural immunity is not perfect, (2) the immune correlates for protection are unclear, (3) a narrow range of CMV hosts limits the value of animal models, and (4) the placenta is a specialized organ formed transiently and its immunological status changes with time. In spite of these limitations, several types of CMV vaccine candidate, including live-attenuated, DISC , subunit, DNA, vectored, and peptide vaccines, have been developed or are currently under development. The recognition of the pentameric complex as the major neutralization target and identification of various strategies to block viral immune response evasion mechanisms have opened new avenues to CMV vaccine development. Here, we discuss the immune correlates for protection, the characteristics of the various vaccine candidates and their clinical trials, and the relevant animal models.