Anisakis simplex sensu stricto and Anisakis pegreffii: Biological Characteristics and Pathogenetic Potential in Human Anisakiasis
Anisakis simplex sensu stricto and Anisakis pegreffii: Biological Characteristics and Pathogenetic Potential in Human Anisakiasis
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DOI：
10.1089/fpd.2011.1076
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发表时间：
2012-06-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Yoshikawa, Masahide
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Arizono, Naoki;Yamada, Minoru;Yoshikawa, Masahide
异尖线虫病是日本最常见的鱼源性蠕虫病之一，通过摄入异尖线虫属线虫的幼虫而感染。由海鱼携带。单纯异尖线虫（s.s.）和异尖线虫是日本近海捕获的鱼类中的优势种。本研究旨在鉴定感染日本患者的异尖线虫种类，并确定 A. simplex (s.s.) 和 A. pegreffii 的致病潜力是否存在差异。总共从日本患者和鲭鱼 (Scomber japonicus) 中分别分离出 41 只和 301 只异尖线虫幼虫；使用聚合酶链反应对核糖体 DNA 内部转录间隔区进行分子鉴定。进一步检查鲭鱼幼虫在人工胃液（pH 1.8）中 7 天的存活情况以及 24 小时间隔内对 0.75% 固体琼脂的侵袭性。所有临床分离株，包括无症状、急性和慢性感染的分离株以及来自胃、小肠、结肠和粪便的分离株，均被鉴定为单纯曲霉（s.s.）。鲭鱼含有 A. simplex (s.s.) 和 A. pegreffii 幼虫，以及一些其他异尖线虫种类的幼虫。鲭鱼的单纯鲭鱼幼虫对人工胃液的耐受性优于佩格氏鲭鱼，2.6 天和 1.4 天的死亡率分别为 50%。此外，A. simplex (s.s.) 穿透琼脂的速度明显高于 A. pegreffii。这些结果表明，A. simplex (s.s.) 幼虫有可能在一定程度上在酸性胃液中存活，并穿透受感染人类的胃、小肠或结肠。
Anisakiasis is one of the most common fishborne helminthic diseases in Japan, which is contracted by ingesting the larvae of the nematode Anisakis spp. carried by marine fish. Anisakis simplex sensu stricto (s.s.) and A. pegreffii are the dominant species in fish caught offshore Japan. The present study aimed to identify the anisakid species infecting Japanese patients and determine whether there is any difference in the pathogenetic potential of A. simplex (s.s.) and A. pegreffii. In total, 41 and 301 Anisakis larvae were isolated from Japanese patients and chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus), respectively; these were subjected to molecular identification using polymerase chain reaction targeted at a ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer region. Chub mackerel larvae were further examined for survival in artificial gastric juice (pH 1.8) for 7 days and for invasiveness on 0.75% solid agar over a 24-h interval. All clinical isolates, including those of asymptomatic, acute, and chronic infections as well as those from the stomach, small intestine, colon, and stool, were identified as A. simplex (s.s.). Chub mackerel harbored A. simplex (s.s.) and A. pegreffii larvae, together with a few larvae of other anisakid species. A. simplex (s.s.) larvae from chub mackerel tolerated the artificial gastric juice better than A. pegreffii, with 50% mortality in 2.6 and 1.4 days, respectively. In addition, A. simplex (s.s.) penetrated the agar at significantly higher rates than A. pegreffii. These results show that A. simplex (s.s.) larvae have the potential to survive acidic gastric juice to some extent and penetrate the stomach, small intestine, or colon in infected humans.