Plasticity of Visual Pathways and Function in the Developing Brain: Is the Pulvinar a Crucial Player?
Plasticity of Visual Pathways and Function in the Developing Brain: Is the Pulvinar a Crucial Player?
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DOI：
10.3389/fnsys.2017.00003
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Morrone MC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bourne JA;Morrone MC
枕是包括人类在内的灵长类动物中最大的丘脑核团。在灵长类动物中，三个主要分区中的两个，外侧枕和下枕，与视觉联合皮层的很大一部分紧密相连。然而，虽然我们现在对这些枕分区的双向连接有了更好的了解，但它的功能仍然是一个谜。近年来，研究者们开始从发育和视皮层损伤的角度来解决这一问题。在这篇综述中，我们将汇集来自非人灵长类动物和人类研究领域的文献，这些文献为当前的理解提供了很多信息。这些文献改变了许多关于视觉皮层发育的长期观点，以及枕在早期生活中如何与皮层动态相互作用，以确保快速发育和功能能力。有证据表明初级视皮层（V1）损伤后枕受累和膝状体纹状体通路，其功能结果远远好于成年期获得的相同病变。对枕及其在视觉脑损伤后的作用有了新的认识，这对我们理解视觉脑疾病和恢复的潜力有着重要意义。
The pulvinar is the largest of the thalamic nuclei in the primates, including humans. In the primates, two of the three major subdivisions, the lateral and inferior pulvinar, are heavily interconnected with a significant proportion of the visual association cortex. However, while we now have a better understanding of the bidirectional connectivity of these pulvinar subdivisions, its functions remain somewhat of an enigma. Over the past few years, researchers have started to tackle this problem by addressing it from the angle of development and visual cortical lesions. In this review, we will draw together literature from the realms of studies in nonhuman primates and humans that have informed much of the current understanding. This literature has been responsible for changing many long-held opinions on the development of the visual cortex and how the pulvinar interacts dynamically with cortices during early life to ensure rapid development and functional capacity Furthermore, there is evidence to suggest involvement of the pulvinar following lesions of the primary visual cortex (V1) and geniculostriate pathway in early life which have far better functional outcomes than identical lesions obtained in adulthood. Shedding new light on the pulvinar and its role following lesions of the visual brain has implications for our understanding of visual brain disorders and the potential for recovery.