SOCIAL-THEORY, SOCIAL-RESEARCH, AND A THEORY OF ACTION
SOCIAL-THEORY, SOCIAL-RESEARCH, AND A THEORY OF ACTION
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DOI：
10.1086/228423
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发表时间：
1986-05-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
COLEMAN, JS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
COLEMAN, JS
1937 年，塔尔科特·帕森斯在《社会行动的结构》一书中取得了非常有希望的开端，之后他放弃了将社会理论建立在有目的行动理论基础上的尝试。由此产生的功能主义向一个方向发展，而社会研究则逐渐向个人行为主义方向发展，导致研究与理论之间的分歧日益扩大。本文描述了研究和理论发展的路径，这将重建彼此之间的相关性。基本要素有两个。第一个是使用有目的行动理论作为社会理论的基础；这需要接受某种形式的方法论个人主义并拒绝整体主义。二是社会研究和理论的重点是从个体行为层面转向宏观社会功能即系统行为层面。
After an extraordinarily promising beginning in 1937 with The Structure of Social Action, Talcott Parsons abandoned his attempt to ground social theory in a theory of purposive action. The functionalism that resulted moved in one direction, while social research has progressively moved in an individual-behavioristic direction, resulting in an ever-widening divergence between research and theory. This paper describes paths in research and in theory development, that will reconstitute relevance of each for the other. The essential elements are two. The first is use of a theory of purposive action as a foundation for social theory; this entails acceptance of a form of methodological individualism and rejection of holism. The second is a focus in social research and theory on the movement from the level of individual actions to macrosocial functioning, that is, the level of system behavior.