Gangliosides are not essential for influenza virus infection
Gangliosides are not essential for influenza virus infection
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DOI：
10.1007/s10719-006-5443-y
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发表时间：
2006-02-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Klenk, HD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Matrosovich, M;Suzuki, T;Klenk, HD
已知唾液酸是流感病毒受体的重要组成部分，但受体分子在靶细胞上的具体身份仍未确定。特别是，细胞唾液糖蛋白和神经节苷在病毒进入靶细胞过程中所起的相对作用尚不清楚。为了验证神经节苷类是否对病毒感染至关重要，我们使用了缺乏包括神经节苷类在内的主要鞘脂合成的小鼠B16黑色素瘤GM-95突变细胞系。我们发现，在含血清培养基中生长的GM-95细胞由于合并了血清神经节苷脂而含有大量的流感病毒神经节苷脂受体。为了获得不含神经节苷脂的细胞，我们将GM-95细胞置于无血清培养基中生长。不含神经节苷脂的GM-95-sf细胞可被禽流感和人甲型流感病毒感染，并产生感染性病毒后代，这表明神经节苷脂在感染的早期和晚期都不是绝对必需的。然而，GM-95-sf细胞对病毒的敏感性比含有神经节苷脂的亲本细胞系低2-4倍。需要进一步的研究来确定这种作用是否由于缺乏神经节苷脂、中性鞘糖脂或其他作用。
Sialic acid is known to be an essential part of influenza virus receptors, but the specific identity of the receptor molecules on target cells is still not defined. In particular, the relative roles played by cellular sialylglycoproteins and gangliosides in virus entry into target cells remain unclear. To test whether gangliosides are essential for virus infection, we used the GM-95 mutant cell line of mouse B16 melanoma which lacks synthesis of major glycosphingolipids including gangliosides. We found that GM-95 cells grown in serum-containing medium harboured substantial amounts of ganglioside receptors for influenza virus due to incorporation of serum gangliosides. To obtain ganglioside-free cells, we adapted GM-95 cells to growth in defined serum-free (sf) medium. Ganglioside-free GM-95-sf cells could be infected by avian and human influenza A viruses and produced infectious virus progeny demonstrating that gangliosides were neither absolutely necessary for the early nor for the late stages of the infection. However, sensitivity of the GM-95-sf cells to the viruses was 2-4 times lower than that of the ganglioside-containing parent cell line. Further studies are needed to specify whether this effect was due to the lack of gangliosides, neutral glycosphingolipids, or other effects.