De novo metagenomic assembly reveals abundant novel major lineage of Archaea in hypersaline microbial communities
De novo metagenomic assembly reveals abundant novel major lineage of Archaea in hypersaline microbial communities
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DOI：
10.1038/ismej.2011.78
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
11
通讯作者：
Allen, Eric E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Narasingarao, Priya;Podell, Sheila;Allen, Eric E.
这项研究描述了两个非常不寻常的古细菌基因组的重建从头宏基因组组装的多个，深度测序库的Tyrrell湖（LT），在西北维多利亚州，澳大利亚的高盐湖的地表沃茨。谱系特异性探针的设计使用组装的基因组可视化这些新的古菌，这是非常丰富的0.1-0.8 μ m大小的部分湖水样品。基因含量和推断的代谢能力是高度不同的所有以前确定的高盐微生物物种。独特的特征包括独特的氨基酸组成，GVP气体囊泡蛋白，非典型的古菌代谢途径和异常小的细胞大小（约0.6 μ m直径）的情况下。多位点系统发育分析表明，这些生物属于一个新的主要euryarchaeal谱系，远亲嗜盐古菌类盐菌。与这些发现相一致，我们建议创建一个新的古菌类，暂时命名为“Nanohaloarchaea”。除了他们的高丰度LT表面沃茨，我们报告的流行Nanohaloarchaea在世界各地的其他高盐环境。同时发现和基因组测序的一个新的但无处不在的谱系未培养的微生物表明，即使是历史上特征良好的环境可以揭示意想不到的多样性时，通过宏基因组学分析，并推进我们的理解高盐环境的生态和古菌的进化历史。The ISME Journal（2012）6，81-93; doi：10.1038/ismej.2011.78; 2011年6月30日在线发表
This study describes reconstruction of two highly unusual archaeal genomes by de novo metagenomic assembly of multiple, deeply sequenced libraries from surface waters of Lake Tyrrell (LT), a hypersaline lake in NW Victoria, Australia. Lineage-specific probes were designed using the assembled genomes to visualize these novel archaea, which were highly abundant in the 0.1-0.8 mu m size fraction of lake water samples. Gene content and inferred metabolic capabilities were highly dissimilar to all previously identified hypersaline microbial species. Distinctive characteristics included unique amino acid composition, absence of Gvp gas vesicle proteins, atypical archaeal metabolic pathways and unusually small cell size (approximately 0.6 mu m diameter). Multi-locus phylogenetic analyses demonstrated that these organisms belong to a new major euryarchaeal lineage, distantly related to halophilic archaea of class Halobacteria. Consistent with these findings, we propose creation of a new archaeal class, provisionally named 'Nanohaloarchaea'. In addition to their high abundance in LT surface waters, we report the prevalence of Nanohaloarchaea in other hypersaline environments worldwide. The simultaneous discovery and genome sequencing of a novel yet ubiquitous lineage of uncultivated microorganisms demonstrates that even historically well-characterized environments can reveal unexpected diversity when analyzed by metagenomics, and advances our understanding of the ecology of hypersaline environments and the evolutionary history of the archaea. The ISME Journal (2012) 6, 81-93; doi:10.1038/ismej.2011.78; published online 30 June 2011